Abstract
Today, discussing about multiculturalism is a topic often abused and perhaps not sufficiently analysed. Debates never resolved have been brought to the centre of attention from religious fundamentalism to the problem of security, the relations with the sphere of individual freedom, privacy and freedom of movement and opinion as well as the theme of multi-ethnic society, integration, the coexistence of different religions and cultures. Which spaces of coexistence, such as prospects in which nodes must be solved in order to discuss about a society that is both democratic and multicultural? This paper aims at analysing how in global world societies become more heterogeneous and diverse, from the social point of view as well as from the ethnic, religious, and cultural point of view. Confusing Islam with terrorism, condemn a religion, to oppose the construction of its places of worship, would be to put in tol crisis the freedom of religion and that would make us equal to our “enemies”. The clash of civilization is what terrorists are striving for. Another important aspect in which this paper is focused on, is how Europe should respond to all this. Will the EU grow to creating a real European democracy, able to guarantee development, security and solidarity, going towards a great diverse and pluralistic society? This paper aims to reflect on the essence of European civilization today under many attacks from inside and outside and understanding the challenges we are facing today. Culture and multiculturalism, must be an expression of mutual enrichment, foundation on which to build an existential path of tolerance and solidarity.
Keywords: Multicultural, Nationalism, Democracy, Society, Pluralistic.
Keywords
References
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- Bobbio, N. (1996), The Age of Rights, Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Bonet. L, Négrier. E, (2010), The end of national cultures? Cultural policies to meet the challenge, diversity Armando editore. Roma, p 7.
- Calma. T, (2007), Multiculturalism: A position paper by the Acting Race Discrimination Commissioner, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (HREOC), Sydney, pp.1, 12–13.
- Carrera. S, 2010, “A comparison of integration programmes in the EU: trends and weaknesses”, Liberty & Security Challenge Papers, no. 1, March 2006, pp. 1, 6–10, viewed 26 July
- Castles. S and Miller. M, The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world, pp. 2–7, 47–48;
- Chistolini. S, (2006), Citizenship and civil society in the European school,: essays in honor of Luciano Corradini, Armando Editore, Roma, p 18.
- Cleaver. H, (2006), “We Need a Counter-Balance to Islam, Says Danish Queen”, Daily Telegraph (London), 17 February.
- Collins. J, (2007), ”The landmark of Cronulla”, in Jupp.J and Nieuwenhuysen.J, Social Cohesion in Australia, Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, p. 61.
- Cumming Bruce. N and Erlanger. S, “Swiss Ban Building of minarets on mosque”, The New York Times, 30 November 2009.
- De Vita. R, Berti.F, Nasi.L, (2005), Democracy, secularism and multi-religious society, Franco Angeli, Milano, p.308.
- Donati, A. (2012). Immigration and multiculturalism: the reasons opponents, Armando, Roma, p.16.
- Dreher.T and C Ho, (2009), 'New conversations on gender, race and religion.
- Dreher.T, Ho. C, Beyond the hijab debates: new conversations on gender, race and religion, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, p. 2.
- Grewcock. M, Border, (2010), Crimes: Australia's war on illicit migrants, pp. 152 - 167.
- Hugo.G, (2010), A new paradigm of international migration: implications for migration policy and planning in Australia, Research Paper No. 10, 2003–04, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, pp. 17–18,
- Huntington.S, (1994). The clash of civilizations, Milano, Garzanti.
- Maley. W, (2010), Fear, Asylum, and Hansonism in Australian Politics, Dialogue, vol, 29/2.
- Modood. T, (2007), Multiculturalism – a civic idea, Polity Press, Cambridge, pp. 12–13.
- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 2010, International migration outlook, OECD, pp. 118–119.
- Raz. J, (1994), Multiculturalism: a Liberal Perspective, “Dissent”, p. 67.
- Riccardi. A, (2006), Convivere, Laterza, Roma-Bari.
- Shachar. A, (2001), Two Critiques of Multiculturalism, Caedozo Law Review,p 273.
- Soysal. Y. N, (1994) Limits of Citizenship Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe,The University of Chicago press, London.
- Tibi, B. (2003). Euro-Islam. Lack of integration, Venezia, p.103.
- Tiliacos, N. (2015). Il mal francese, “il Foglio”.
- Wievorka, M. (1993). The Space of Racism. Milano: Il Saggiatore.
- Wike, R. and Grim, B. (2010). “Western Views towards Muslims: Evidence from a 2006 Cross-National Survey”. International Journal of Public Opinion Research. 22 (1).
- Wood, A. (2007), “Multiculturalism Becomes Poison for Social Capital”. The Australian, 26 September.
- Žižek, S. (2012). The Year of Dreaming Dangerously. Brooklyn: Verso.
Abstract
References
- Bernardi. A, (2006), Multiculturalism, human rights, punishment, criminal law Journals international and European comparative "international criminal law, Guiffre Editore, p 39.
- Bobbio, N. (1996), The Age of Rights, Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Bonet. L, Négrier. E, (2010), The end of national cultures? Cultural policies to meet the challenge, diversity Armando editore. Roma, p 7.
- Calma. T, (2007), Multiculturalism: A position paper by the Acting Race Discrimination Commissioner, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (HREOC), Sydney, pp.1, 12–13.
- Carrera. S, 2010, “A comparison of integration programmes in the EU: trends and weaknesses”, Liberty & Security Challenge Papers, no. 1, March 2006, pp. 1, 6–10, viewed 26 July
- Castles. S and Miller. M, The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world, pp. 2–7, 47–48;
- Chistolini. S, (2006), Citizenship and civil society in the European school,: essays in honor of Luciano Corradini, Armando Editore, Roma, p 18.
- Cleaver. H, (2006), “We Need a Counter-Balance to Islam, Says Danish Queen”, Daily Telegraph (London), 17 February.
- Collins. J, (2007), ”The landmark of Cronulla”, in Jupp.J and Nieuwenhuysen.J, Social Cohesion in Australia, Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, p. 61.
- Cumming Bruce. N and Erlanger. S, “Swiss Ban Building of minarets on mosque”, The New York Times, 30 November 2009.
- De Vita. R, Berti.F, Nasi.L, (2005), Democracy, secularism and multi-religious society, Franco Angeli, Milano, p.308.
- Donati, A. (2012). Immigration and multiculturalism: the reasons opponents, Armando, Roma, p.16.
- Dreher.T and C Ho, (2009), 'New conversations on gender, race and religion.
- Dreher.T, Ho. C, Beyond the hijab debates: new conversations on gender, race and religion, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, p. 2.
- Grewcock. M, Border, (2010), Crimes: Australia's war on illicit migrants, pp. 152 - 167.
- Hugo.G, (2010), A new paradigm of international migration: implications for migration policy and planning in Australia, Research Paper No. 10, 2003–04, Parliamentary Library, Canberra, pp. 17–18,
- Huntington.S, (1994). The clash of civilizations, Milano, Garzanti.
- Maley. W, (2010), Fear, Asylum, and Hansonism in Australian Politics, Dialogue, vol, 29/2.
- Modood. T, (2007), Multiculturalism – a civic idea, Polity Press, Cambridge, pp. 12–13.
- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 2010, International migration outlook, OECD, pp. 118–119.
- Raz. J, (1994), Multiculturalism: a Liberal Perspective, “Dissent”, p. 67.
- Riccardi. A, (2006), Convivere, Laterza, Roma-Bari.
- Shachar. A, (2001), Two Critiques of Multiculturalism, Caedozo Law Review,p 273.
- Soysal. Y. N, (1994) Limits of Citizenship Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe,The University of Chicago press, London.
- Tibi, B. (2003). Euro-Islam. Lack of integration, Venezia, p.103.
- Tiliacos, N. (2015). Il mal francese, “il Foglio”.
- Wievorka, M. (1993). The Space of Racism. Milano: Il Saggiatore.
- Wike, R. and Grim, B. (2010). “Western Views towards Muslims: Evidence from a 2006 Cross-National Survey”. International Journal of Public Opinion Research. 22 (1).
- Wood, A. (2007), “Multiculturalism Becomes Poison for Social Capital”. The Australian, 26 September.
- Žižek, S. (2012). The Year of Dreaming Dangerously. Brooklyn: Verso.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 31, 2015 |
| Submission Date | August 30, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015Volume: 1 Issue: 2 |
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