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A PROPOSED TRAINING MODEL THAT ADDRESSES THE NEEDS OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN MUSCAT GOVERNORATE, SULTANATE OF OMAN

Year 2025, Issue: Advanced Online Publication, 7 - 30, 22.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18020217

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a proposed training model that meets the cognitive and skill-based needs of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. It also aimed to outline the foundations upon which the model was built and the stages of its implementation. This model was based on a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative study that assessed the cognitive and skill-based needs of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder through a questionnaire, in addition to interviews with twelve special education specialists. In addition to drawing on international experiences (PACT) and iBASIS-VIPP, and four psychological and educational theories that explain the relationship between training and changing parental behavior, as well as practical experiences in the theoretical literature, the model was built in four stages: setting goals, planning and organizing through inputs, monitoring and implementing during the systematic implementation, and evaluating the model. The study recommended: developing a training plan for those responsible for parent training programs, strengthening the relationship between rehabilitation centers and parents to obtain data, holding workshops to introduce parents to institutions for autism spectrum disorder and encourage them to join these institutions, creating electronic portfolios for children's parents, and enhancing cooperation between families, local community institutions, and NGOs to improve the support provided.

References

  • ARABIC REFERENCES IN ENGLISH ALPHABET: Abu Nuwas, Y. ʿA., & Al-ʿUwidi, ʿA. M. (2022). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreeb ʾawliyaʾ al-ʾumūr (ImPACT) fi tanmiyat mahaarat al-tawaasul lada al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud fi dawlat Qatar [Effectiveness of the parents’ training program (ImPACT) in developing communication skills among children with autism spectrum disorder in the State of Qatar]. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Quds al-Maftūḥah lil-Abḥāth wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawiyyah wa-al-Nafsiyyah, 3(40), 193–205.
  • Āl Khaṭīb, Nāṣir. (2019). Al-iḥtijāǧāt al-tadreebiyyah li-ʾawliyaʾ ʾumūr al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud fī ḍawʾ al-mutaghayyirāt al-demoghrafiyyah]. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Malik Saʿūd – al-ʿUlūm al-Tarbawiyyah, 31(4), 517–540.
  • Al-Badūr, Ṣ. M. ʿA. (2017). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreebī mustanid ʾilā al-naẓariyyah al-sulūkīyah fī taḥsīn al-kafāʾāt al-maʿrifiyyah li-ʾawliyaʾ ʾumūr ʾatfaal al-tawahhud wa-ʾasālīb taʿāmulihim maʿa ʾatfaalihim fī ʿaynah ʾUrdunniyyah. (Doctoral dissertation). Jāmiʿat al-ʿUlūm al-Islāmiyyah al-ʿĀlamiyyah, Jordan.
  • Al-Khaṭīb, Jamāl. (2019). Al-baḥth al-tajrībī fī al-tarbiyah al-khāṣṣah: Manāhij wa-taṭbīqāt. ʿAmmān: Dār al-Fikr lil-Ṭibāʿah wa-al-Nashr.
  • Al-Dukhayl, Fāṭimah. (2020). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreebī qāʾim ʿalā taḥlīl al-iḥtijāǧāt fī khafḍ al-ḍughūṭ al-nafsiyyah ladā ʾummuhāt ʾatfaal al-tawahhud. Majallat al-ʿUlūm al-Tarbawiyyah wa-al-Nafsiyyah, 18(2), 221–248.
  • Al-Zahrānī, Muḥammad. (2022). Athar al-barāmij al-ʾirshādiyyah fī taḥsīn al-takayyuf al-ʾusari li-ʾusār al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud. Majallat al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawiyyah, 39(1), 75–96.
  • Al-Shammārī, Suʿād. (2024). Faʿiliyyat barāmij al-tadreeb al-ʾusari fī taḥsīn mahaarāt taʿdeel al-sulūk li-ʾatfaal al-tawahhud. Al-Majallah al-ʿArabiyyah lil-Tarbiyah al-Khāṣṣah, 12(1), 33–56.
  • Al-ʿĪsā, Reem. (2023). Tamkīn ʾawliyaʾ al-ʾumūr fī ḍawʾ naẓariyyat al-daʿm al-ʾusari: Nahw namūdhaj takāmulī fī al-tarbiyah al-khāṣṣah. Majallat al-Tarbiyah al-Khāṣṣah wa-al-Taʾhīl, 7(2), 45–68.
  • Al-Farḥātī, Al-Sayyid Maḥmūd. (2022). Sīkulūjiyyat taḥsīn al-ʾatfaal ḍidd al-ʿajz al-mutaʿallam. Maktabat al-Anglo al-Miṣriyyah, Cairo.
  • Al-Qurayānī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. (2021). Dawr al-ʾusrah fī tanmiyat mahaarat al-tawaasul lada al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud. Al-Majallah al-Tarbawiyyah al-Khalījiyyah, 41(3), 99–122.
  • Al-Maʿmarīyah, Wuṭfah bint Saʿīd, et al. (2019). ʾIʿādat al-naẓar fī intishār ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud bayn al-ʾatfaal al-ʿUmāniyyīn: Dirāsah mutaʿaddidat al-marākiz. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Sulṭān Qābūs al-Ṭibbiyyah, 6(4).
  • REFERENCE LIST:
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., text rev.; DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: Author.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Bozkurt, G., Uysal, G., & Düzkaya, D. S. (2019). Examination of care burden and stress coping styles of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of pediatric nursing, 47, 142-147.
  • Corbett, B. A., Muscatello, R. A., Klemencic, M. E., & Schwartzman, J. M. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Research, 14(7), 1496-1511.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  • Gall, M. D., Gall, J. P., & Borg, W. R. (2015). Applying Educational Research: How to Read, Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of Practice (7th ed.). Pearson.
  • Gona, J. K., Newton, C. R., Rimba, K. K., Mapenzi, R., Kihara, M., Vijver, F. V., & Abubakar, A. (2016). Challenges and coping strategies of parents of children with autism on the Kenyan coast. Rural and remote health, 16(2), 3517.
  • Green, J., Charman, T., McConachie, H., et al. (2010). Parent-mediated communication-focused treatment in children with autism (PACT): A randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 375(9732), 2152-2160. (PMC)ز
  • Green, J., et al. (2017). PACT-G: The PACT-G trial of parent-mediated therapy delivered at home and online. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(9), 997–1005.
  • Karst, J. S., & Van Hecke, A. V. (2012). Parent and family impact of autism spectrum disorders: A review and proposed model for intervention evaluation. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 15(3), 247–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-012-0119-6
  • Lord, C., Elsabbagh, M., Baird, G., & Veenstra-Vanderweele, J. (2020). Autism spectrum disorder. The Lancet, 392(10146), 508–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31153-6.
  • Neely, J., Garcia, V., & Wright, K. (2021). Parental needs and empowerment among families of children with autism: A systematic review. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(10), 3673–3690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04795-3.
  • Pickles, A., et al. (2022). Parent-mediated social communication therapy for autism: 13-year follow-up of a randomised trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 9(7), 597–606.
  • Pickles, A., Le Couteur, A., Leadbitter, K., et al. (2016). Parent-mediated social communication therapy for young children with autism (PACT): Long-term follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 388(10059), 2501–2509.
  • Rayan, A., & Ahmad, M. (2017). Psychological distress in Jordanian parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: The role of positive reappraisal coping. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31(1), 38-42.
  • Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Stufflebeam, D. L. (1971). The relevance of the CIPP evaluation model for educational accountability. NY: Pearson.
  • Suen, M. W., Ningrum, V., Yuniardi, M. S., Hasanati, N., & Wang, J. H. (2022, January). The Association between Parenting Stress, Positive Reappraisal Coping, and Quality of Life in Parents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Children: A Systematic Review. Healthcare, 10(1), 52.
  • Whitehouse, A. J. O., et al. (2021). Effect of preemptive intervention on developmental outcomes among infants showing early signs of autism: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatrics.
  • Willis, K., Timmons, L., Pruitt, M., Schneider, H. L., Alessandri, M., & Ekas, N. V. (2016). The relationship between optimism, coping, and depressive symptoms in Hispanic mothers and fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 46(7), 2427-2440.

Year 2025, Issue: Advanced Online Publication, 7 - 30, 22.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18020217

Abstract

References

  • ARABIC REFERENCES IN ENGLISH ALPHABET: Abu Nuwas, Y. ʿA., & Al-ʿUwidi, ʿA. M. (2022). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreeb ʾawliyaʾ al-ʾumūr (ImPACT) fi tanmiyat mahaarat al-tawaasul lada al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud fi dawlat Qatar [Effectiveness of the parents’ training program (ImPACT) in developing communication skills among children with autism spectrum disorder in the State of Qatar]. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Quds al-Maftūḥah lil-Abḥāth wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawiyyah wa-al-Nafsiyyah, 3(40), 193–205.
  • Āl Khaṭīb, Nāṣir. (2019). Al-iḥtijāǧāt al-tadreebiyyah li-ʾawliyaʾ ʾumūr al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud fī ḍawʾ al-mutaghayyirāt al-demoghrafiyyah]. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Malik Saʿūd – al-ʿUlūm al-Tarbawiyyah, 31(4), 517–540.
  • Al-Badūr, Ṣ. M. ʿA. (2017). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreebī mustanid ʾilā al-naẓariyyah al-sulūkīyah fī taḥsīn al-kafāʾāt al-maʿrifiyyah li-ʾawliyaʾ ʾumūr ʾatfaal al-tawahhud wa-ʾasālīb taʿāmulihim maʿa ʾatfaalihim fī ʿaynah ʾUrdunniyyah. (Doctoral dissertation). Jāmiʿat al-ʿUlūm al-Islāmiyyah al-ʿĀlamiyyah, Jordan.
  • Al-Khaṭīb, Jamāl. (2019). Al-baḥth al-tajrībī fī al-tarbiyah al-khāṣṣah: Manāhij wa-taṭbīqāt. ʿAmmān: Dār al-Fikr lil-Ṭibāʿah wa-al-Nashr.
  • Al-Dukhayl, Fāṭimah. (2020). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreebī qāʾim ʿalā taḥlīl al-iḥtijāǧāt fī khafḍ al-ḍughūṭ al-nafsiyyah ladā ʾummuhāt ʾatfaal al-tawahhud. Majallat al-ʿUlūm al-Tarbawiyyah wa-al-Nafsiyyah, 18(2), 221–248.
  • Al-Zahrānī, Muḥammad. (2022). Athar al-barāmij al-ʾirshādiyyah fī taḥsīn al-takayyuf al-ʾusari li-ʾusār al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud. Majallat al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawiyyah, 39(1), 75–96.
  • Al-Shammārī, Suʿād. (2024). Faʿiliyyat barāmij al-tadreeb al-ʾusari fī taḥsīn mahaarāt taʿdeel al-sulūk li-ʾatfaal al-tawahhud. Al-Majallah al-ʿArabiyyah lil-Tarbiyah al-Khāṣṣah, 12(1), 33–56.
  • Al-ʿĪsā, Reem. (2023). Tamkīn ʾawliyaʾ al-ʾumūr fī ḍawʾ naẓariyyat al-daʿm al-ʾusari: Nahw namūdhaj takāmulī fī al-tarbiyah al-khāṣṣah. Majallat al-Tarbiyah al-Khāṣṣah wa-al-Taʾhīl, 7(2), 45–68.
  • Al-Farḥātī, Al-Sayyid Maḥmūd. (2022). Sīkulūjiyyat taḥsīn al-ʾatfaal ḍidd al-ʿajz al-mutaʿallam. Maktabat al-Anglo al-Miṣriyyah, Cairo.
  • Al-Qurayānī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. (2021). Dawr al-ʾusrah fī tanmiyat mahaarat al-tawaasul lada al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud. Al-Majallah al-Tarbawiyyah al-Khalījiyyah, 41(3), 99–122.
  • Al-Maʿmarīyah, Wuṭfah bint Saʿīd, et al. (2019). ʾIʿādat al-naẓar fī intishār ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud bayn al-ʾatfaal al-ʿUmāniyyīn: Dirāsah mutaʿaddidat al-marākiz. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Sulṭān Qābūs al-Ṭibbiyyah, 6(4).
  • REFERENCE LIST:
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., text rev.; DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: Author.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Bozkurt, G., Uysal, G., & Düzkaya, D. S. (2019). Examination of care burden and stress coping styles of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of pediatric nursing, 47, 142-147.
  • Corbett, B. A., Muscatello, R. A., Klemencic, M. E., & Schwartzman, J. M. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on stress, anxiety, and coping in youth with and without autism and their parents. Autism Research, 14(7), 1496-1511.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  • Gall, M. D., Gall, J. P., & Borg, W. R. (2015). Applying Educational Research: How to Read, Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of Practice (7th ed.). Pearson.
  • Gona, J. K., Newton, C. R., Rimba, K. K., Mapenzi, R., Kihara, M., Vijver, F. V., & Abubakar, A. (2016). Challenges and coping strategies of parents of children with autism on the Kenyan coast. Rural and remote health, 16(2), 3517.
  • Green, J., Charman, T., McConachie, H., et al. (2010). Parent-mediated communication-focused treatment in children with autism (PACT): A randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 375(9732), 2152-2160. (PMC)ز
  • Green, J., et al. (2017). PACT-G: The PACT-G trial of parent-mediated therapy delivered at home and online. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(9), 997–1005.
  • Karst, J. S., & Van Hecke, A. V. (2012). Parent and family impact of autism spectrum disorders: A review and proposed model for intervention evaluation. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 15(3), 247–277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-012-0119-6
  • Lord, C., Elsabbagh, M., Baird, G., & Veenstra-Vanderweele, J. (2020). Autism spectrum disorder. The Lancet, 392(10146), 508–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31153-6.
  • Neely, J., Garcia, V., & Wright, K. (2021). Parental needs and empowerment among families of children with autism: A systematic review. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(10), 3673–3690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04795-3.
  • Pickles, A., et al. (2022). Parent-mediated social communication therapy for autism: 13-year follow-up of a randomised trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 9(7), 597–606.
  • Pickles, A., Le Couteur, A., Leadbitter, K., et al. (2016). Parent-mediated social communication therapy for young children with autism (PACT): Long-term follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 388(10059), 2501–2509.
  • Rayan, A., & Ahmad, M. (2017). Psychological distress in Jordanian parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: The role of positive reappraisal coping. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 31(1), 38-42.
  • Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Stufflebeam, D. L. (1971). The relevance of the CIPP evaluation model for educational accountability. NY: Pearson.
  • Suen, M. W., Ningrum, V., Yuniardi, M. S., Hasanati, N., & Wang, J. H. (2022, January). The Association between Parenting Stress, Positive Reappraisal Coping, and Quality of Life in Parents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Children: A Systematic Review. Healthcare, 10(1), 52.
  • Whitehouse, A. J. O., et al. (2021). Effect of preemptive intervention on developmental outcomes among infants showing early signs of autism: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatrics.
  • Willis, K., Timmons, L., Pruitt, M., Schneider, H. L., Alessandri, M., & Ekas, N. V. (2016). The relationship between optimism, coping, and depressive symptoms in Hispanic mothers and fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 46(7), 2427-2440.

نموذج تدريبي مقترح يستجيب لاحتياجات أولياء أمور أطفال اضطراب طيف التوحد في محافظة مسقط بسلطنة عمان

Year 2025, Issue: Advanced Online Publication, 7 - 30, 22.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18020217

Abstract

هدفت الدراسة بناء نموذج تدريبي مقترح يلبي الاحتياجات المعرفية والمهارية لأولياء أمور أطفال اضطراب طيف التوحد. وبيان الأسس التي بني عليها النموذج، ومراحل تطبيق النموذج التدريبي. اعتمد هذا النموذج على دراسة موسعة كمية ونوعية؛ قاست الاحتياجات المعرفية والمهارية لأولياء أمور أطفال اضطراب طيف التوحد من خلال استبيان، إضافة إلى مقابلات مع (12) اخصائي في التربية الخاصة. فضلا عن الاستعانة بالتجارب العالمية (PACT) و( (iBASIS-VIPP، و (4) نظريات نفسية وتربوية فسّرت العلاقة بين التدريب وتغيير السلوك الأبوي، إضافة إلى التجارب العملية في الأدب النظري. تم بناء النموذج من أربعة مراحل هي: تشكيل الأهداف، التخطيط والتنظيم عن طريق المدخلات، المراقبة والتنفيذ خلال التنفيذ المنهج، تقييم النموذج. أوصت الدراسة: وضع خطة تدريبية للقائمين على برامج تدريب أولياء الأمور، توثيق العلاقة بين مراكز التأهيل وأولياء الأمور للحصول على البيانات، عقد ورش عمل لتعريف أولياء الأمور بمؤسسات اضطراب طيف التوحد وتشجيعهم للانضمام لتلك المؤسسات، إنشاء حقائب إلكترونية لأولياء أمور الأطفال، تعزيز التعاون بين الأسرة ومؤسسات المجتمع المحلي والجمعيات الأهلية لتحسين الدعم المقدم.

References

  • ARABIC REFERENCES IN ENGLISH ALPHABET: Abu Nuwas, Y. ʿA., & Al-ʿUwidi, ʿA. M. (2022). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreeb ʾawliyaʾ al-ʾumūr (ImPACT) fi tanmiyat mahaarat al-tawaasul lada al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud fi dawlat Qatar [Effectiveness of the parents’ training program (ImPACT) in developing communication skills among children with autism spectrum disorder in the State of Qatar]. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Quds al-Maftūḥah lil-Abḥāth wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawiyyah wa-al-Nafsiyyah, 3(40), 193–205.
  • Āl Khaṭīb, Nāṣir. (2019). Al-iḥtijāǧāt al-tadreebiyyah li-ʾawliyaʾ ʾumūr al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud fī ḍawʾ al-mutaghayyirāt al-demoghrafiyyah]. Majallat Jāmiʿat al-Malik Saʿūd – al-ʿUlūm al-Tarbawiyyah, 31(4), 517–540.
  • Al-Badūr, Ṣ. M. ʿA. (2017). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreebī mustanid ʾilā al-naẓariyyah al-sulūkīyah fī taḥsīn al-kafāʾāt al-maʿrifiyyah li-ʾawliyaʾ ʾumūr ʾatfaal al-tawahhud wa-ʾasālīb taʿāmulihim maʿa ʾatfaalihim fī ʿaynah ʾUrdunniyyah. (Doctoral dissertation). Jāmiʿat al-ʿUlūm al-Islāmiyyah al-ʿĀlamiyyah, Jordan.
  • Al-Khaṭīb, Jamāl. (2019). Al-baḥth al-tajrībī fī al-tarbiyah al-khāṣṣah: Manāhij wa-taṭbīqāt. ʿAmmān: Dār al-Fikr lil-Ṭibāʿah wa-al-Nashr.
  • Al-Dukhayl, Fāṭimah. (2020). Faʿiliyyat barnamaj tadreebī qāʾim ʿalā taḥlīl al-iḥtijāǧāt fī khafḍ al-ḍughūṭ al-nafsiyyah ladā ʾummuhāt ʾatfaal al-tawahhud. Majallat al-ʿUlūm al-Tarbawiyyah wa-al-Nafsiyyah, 18(2), 221–248.
  • Al-Zahrānī, Muḥammad. (2022). Athar al-barāmij al-ʾirshādiyyah fī taḥsīn al-takayyuf al-ʾusari li-ʾusār al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud. Majallat al-Dirāsāt al-Tarbawiyyah, 39(1), 75–96.
  • Al-Shammārī, Suʿād. (2024). Faʿiliyyat barāmij al-tadreeb al-ʾusari fī taḥsīn mahaarāt taʿdeel al-sulūk li-ʾatfaal al-tawahhud. Al-Majallah al-ʿArabiyyah lil-Tarbiyah al-Khāṣṣah, 12(1), 33–56.
  • Al-ʿĪsā, Reem. (2023). Tamkīn ʾawliyaʾ al-ʾumūr fī ḍawʾ naẓariyyat al-daʿm al-ʾusari: Nahw namūdhaj takāmulī fī al-tarbiyah al-khāṣṣah. Majallat al-Tarbiyah al-Khāṣṣah wa-al-Taʾhīl, 7(2), 45–68.
  • Al-Farḥātī, Al-Sayyid Maḥmūd. (2022). Sīkulūjiyyat taḥsīn al-ʾatfaal ḍidd al-ʿajz al-mutaʿallam. Maktabat al-Anglo al-Miṣriyyah, Cairo.
  • Al-Qurayānī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. (2021). Dawr al-ʾusrah fī tanmiyat mahaarat al-tawaasul lada al-ʾatfaal dhawī ʾidtirab taif al-tawahhud. Al-Majallah al-Tarbawiyyah al-Khalījiyyah, 41(3), 99–122.
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There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics, Educational Sociology, Cultural Psychology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sumaiya Yousuf Saif Al_aghbari

Submission Date October 22, 2025
Acceptance Date December 9, 2025
Early Pub Date December 22, 2025
Publication Date December 22, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Issue: Advanced Online Publication

Cite

EndNote Al_aghbari SYS (December 1, 2025) A PROPOSED TRAINING MODEL THAT ADDRESSES THE NEEDS OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN MUSCAT GOVERNORATE, SULTANATE OF OMAN. IJASOS- International E-journal of Advances in Social Sciences Advanced Online Publication 7–30.

Aim & Scope

AIMS AND SCOPE
The aims and scope of the journal are:
• To provide the journal that reports research on topics that are of international significance across social sciences and humanities contexts.
• To publish high quality manuscripts that are of international significance in terms of design and/or findings.

ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING
The Journal IJASOS is covered by the following abstracting/indexing services:
Index Copernicus
• ResearchBib Academic Resource Index
• Scilit Database
• Researchgate
• OpenAIRE
• Google Scholar
• CiteFactor
• Sciencegate

SCOPE
IJASOS welcomes research manuscripts in all fields of social sciences and humanities: 

SOCIAL SCIENCES

Communication

Media, Journalism, Communication Management, Advertising, Language and Communication, Information Communication, Communication Arts, Education Communication and Technology, Publishing, etc.

 Economics

Macro Economics, Micro Economics, Agricultural Economy, Ecological Economy, Beauty Economy,

Labor and Population Economy, Urban and Rural Economy, International Economy, Industry Economy, Monetary Economy, Real Estate Economy, etc.

Finance

Banking, Investment, Accounting, Finance Engineering, Portfolio, Emerge Stock Market, Insurance, Finance Management, Risk Management, etc.

 Geography

Physical geography, Human geography, Integrated geography, Geomatics, Regional geography, study of cartography, demography, human populations, environmental studies, etc.

 Law

Civil Law, Criminal Law, Penology, Public Law, Economic and Financial Law, Labor and Social Law,

Constitutional law, Civil rights, Environmental law, Family law, etc.

 Management

Public administration, Business Administration, International Enterprise, Human resources, Strategic Marketing, Logistics, Supply Chain, Organizational Behavior, Information Management, Restate Management, Industry Innovation, Corporate Governance, Human Resource Development, Hospitality Management, Hotel and Institutional Management, Health Care Management, Tourism Management, E-commerce, etc.

 Marketing

Product marketing, Pricing, Distribution Service, Brand management, Brand licensing, Account-based marketing, Effectiveness, Marketing operations, Social marketing, Advertising, Branding, Underwriting spot, Direct marketing, Personal sales

Product placement, Sales promotion, Loyalty marketing, E-Marketing and Mobile marketing, etc.

 Urban Studies

Urbanism, Urban and Regional Planning, Sustainable Development, Sustainable Human and Social Development, Sustainable Urban Neighborhoods, Transportation, etc.

Methodology

Methodology of Social Sciences, Philosophy of Social Sciences, etc.

Planning & Development
Development studies, subjects such as economic forecasting, Administration, policy-making strategies, theories of planning, the growth of the third world, etc.

Psychiatry

All aspects of Psychiatry including child psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, geriatric psychiatry, hypnosis, psychiatric nursing, psychiatric rehabilitation, psychosomatic research, stress medicine and etc.

Psychology

General Psychology, Experimental Psychology, Sport Psychology, Psychological Psychology, Culture Psychology, Development Psychology, Educational Psychology, School Psychology, Military Psychology, Consumer Psychology, Psychology of Religion, Psychology of Law, Media Psychology, Health Psychology, Environmental Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology, Measurement and Statistics, Mental Diseases and Psychotherapy, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Consulting Psychology, etc.

Politics and Political Science
Politics, Political Science, Public Administration and Policy, International Affairs and Strategic Studies, Governmental System and Practices, Politics and Ethics, International Relations, Political Economy, Elections and Voting Behavior, Reforming and Consolidated, History of western political thought, Western constitutional thought, Governments and Politics, Military Studies, Interaction of politics and other areas of science and social science, etc.

Sociology
All fields of sociological studies including:

Social Research or Social Science, Community studies, socio-ethnic problems, rural sociology,

Sociobiology, social deviance, gender studies,

the sociology of law, the sociology of religion,

comparative sociology, Political Sociology, Social Psychology, Science, Technology and Society, Social Policy and Social Legislation, Caring or Research for the Elderly, Family Research, Child Research, Online Society or Online Community,

Globalization impacts, Social Work in Modern Society, gerontology, etc.

 Women's Studies

Topics such as women and health, women's psychology, women and politics, as well as gender studies and feminism.

HUMANITIES

Anthropology

All Fields of Anthropology; Sociocultural Anthropology, Biological Anthropology, Archaeological Anthropology, Ethnic Studies, anthropological linguistics

 Archaeology

All fields of archaeology, including study of material remains (such as fossils, relics, artifacts, and monuments) of past human life and activities; and methods of detection and analysis. 

 Architecture

All fields of Architecture; including the design and construction of habitable structures, architectural history, landscape architecture, urban and country planning and design.

 Art, Art history

All fields of visual arts, graphics, printmaking, painting, sculpture, and photography, electronic art, etc.

 Ethics

Theorical, Applied, Business Ethics, Ethics of Science

Folklore Studies

Studies on folklore, traditions of various nationalities and ethnic groups, folk costume, story-telling, food, wedding and burial customs, children's games, etc.

 History

All fields of History: world, national, regional, cultural, religion, ethnic, military, and nautical

Language & Linguistics

Studies theoretical, literary and historical linguistics as well as stylistics and philology.

Literature, Literary Theory & Criticism

Comparative literature, literature of a specific genre, literary movement or era in literary history, and specialty literatures (such as children's or women's literature, literature of cultures

 Methodological Studies in Humanities

Multidisciplinary Studies in Humanities

Music

All types of music studies: classical, opera, ethnic, choral, folk, sacred, early music, popular, jazz, country, new music, and others.

Philosophy

Logic, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, meta-philosophy, aesthetics, philosophy of science, philosophy of education, philosophy of history, philosophy of religion, history of philosophy

Poetry

 Religion

Religious Studies, Studies on Religion

Theater

Dramaturgy, theatrical history, theater design, technique and performance.

 

All manuscripts should be submitted as "Word doc(x)" according to the “IJASOS PAPER TEMPLATE

Papers are subject to a peer review process, using an international panel of researchers who are experts in relevant fields. Referees are asked to judge the quality of research and also the relevance and accessibility of a paper for an international audience. The journal uses a single blind review process, meaning any reviewers can establish the author(s) of a manuscript. Authors must propose two reviewers for their manuscripts. These reviewers should be international in scope and should have Ph.D.

The Journal IJASOS publishes the articles of the authors who join OCERINT conferences free of charge. Those articles will be published in the journal if they pass the review process and get two positive referee reports. There is a publication fee for the articles of the other authors which is USD 100 per manuscript. The articles which are charged the fee are also faced with the review process and have to get 2 positive referee reports from two different referees. The publication fee should be paid after getting two positive review reports.

For further details kindly ask by email: ijasosjournal@hotmail.com

This journal adheres to the publication ethics and malpractice policies as outlined by COPE as found here.

The most important rules are the following:

Authors of IJASOS must confirm:

· Submitted manuscripts must be the original work of the author(s).

· Only unpublished manuscripts should be submitted.

· It is unethical to submit a manuscript to more than one journal concurrently.

· Any conflict of interest must be clearly stated.

· Acknowledge the sources of data used in the development of the manuscript.

· All errors discovered in the manuscript after submission must be swiftly communicated to the Editor.

Reviewers of IJASOS must confirm:

· That all manuscripts are reviewed in fairness based on the intellectual content of the paper regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, religion, citizenry, political affiliation, and values nor paradigmatic orientation of author(s).

· That any observed conflict of interest during the review process must be communicated to the Editor.

· That all information pertaining to the manuscript is kept confidential.

· That any information that may be the reason for the rejection of publication of a manuscript must be communicated to the Editor.

Editors of IJASOS must confirm:

· That all materials published are subjected to some form of the peer-based review process.

· That all manuscripts are evaluated in fairness based on the intellectual content of the paper regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, religion, citizenry, political affiliation, and values nor paradigmatic orientation of author(s).

· That information pertaining to manuscripts are kept confidential.

· That any observed conflict of interest pertaining to manuscripts must be disclosed.


OPEN ACCESS POLICY

This journal provides immediate open access to its content. We abide by the Budapest Open Access Initiative definition of Open Access:

“By “open access” to [peer-reviewed research literature], we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.”

Researchers engage in discovery for the public good, yet because of cost barriers or use restrictions imposed by other publishers, research results are not available to the full community of potential users. It is our mission to support a greater global exchange of knowledge by making the research published in this journal open to the public and reusable under the terms of a Creative Commons CC-BY license.

Furthermore, we encourage authors to post their pre-publication manuscripts in institutional repositories or on their Web sites prior to and during the submission process and to post the Publisher’s final formatted PDF version after publication. These practices benefit authors with productive exchanges as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.


POLICY OF SCREENING FOR PLAGIARISM


Papers submitted to IJASOS Journal will be screened for plagiarism using the Turnitin plagiarism detection tool. Apart from that, we check with Copyscape for plagiarism. IJASOS Journal will immediately reject papers leading to plagiarism or self-plagiarism.

"Plagiarism is the use of others' published and unpublished ideas or words (or other intellectual property) without attribution or permission, and presenting them as new and original rather than derived from an existing source. The intent and effect of plagiarism are to mislead the reader as to the contributions of the plagiarizer. This applies whether the ideas or words are taken from abstracts, research grant applications, Institutional Review Board applications, or unpublished or published manuscripts in any publication format. Plagiarism is scientific misconduct and should be addressed as such.

Self-plagiarism refers to the practice of an author using portions of their previous writings on the same topic in another of their publications, without specifically citing it formally in quotes. This practice is widespread and sometimes unintentional, as there are only so many ways to say the same thing on many occasions, particularly when writing the methods section of an article. Although this usually violates the copyright that has been assigned to the publisher, there is no consensus as to whether this is a form of scientific misconduct, or how many of one's own words one can sue before it is truly "plagiarism." Probably for this reason self-plagiarism is not regarded in the same light as plagiarism of ideas and words of other individuals. If journals have developed a policy on this matter, it should be clearly stated for authors."

Direct plagiarism is the plagiarism of the text. Mosaic plagiarism is the borrowing of ideas and opinions from an original source and a few verbatim words or phrases without crediting the author.

Authors can adhere to the following steps to report plagiarism:

1.Inform the editor of the journal where a plagiarized article is published.

2.Send original and plagiarized articles with plagiarized parts highlighted.

3.If evidence of plagiarism is convincing, the editor should arrange for a disciplinary meeting.

4.Editor of the journal where the plagiarized article should communicate with the editor of the journal containing the original article to rectify the matter.

5.The plagiarist should be asked to provide an explanation.

6.In case of non-response in the stipulated time or an unsatisfactory explanation, the article should be permanently retracted.

7. Authors should be blacklisted and debarred for submitted an article to a particular journal for at least 5 years.

8.The concerned head of the institution has to be notified.


PUBLICATION AGREEMENT

Ocerint International Organization Center of Academic Research (the Publisher) has agreed to publish the undersigned author’s paper in the International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences (IJASOS). The agreement is contingent upon the fulfillment of a number of requirements listed below.

1. The undersigned author warrants that the paper entitled below is original, that it is not in any way libelous or unlawful in Turkey, that it does not infringe any copyright or other proprietary right. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to sign and execute this agreement.

2. The undersigned author warrants that the paper entitled below has not been published elsewhere, and also it will not be submitted anywhere else for publication prior to acceptance/rejection by this Journal.

3. By submitting the paper entitled below, the undersigned author agrees to transfer the rights to publish and distribute the paper in an international e-journal (entitled above) to Publisher. All the other (intellectual property) rights remain with the author.

4. The undersigned author agrees to make a reasonable effort to conform to Publisher's submission guidelines and to liaise with the editor to ensure that the requirements of these guidelines are met to a reasonable degree.

5. The corresponding author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all co-authors. This agreement is to be signed by at least one of the authors who has obtained the assent of the co-author(s) where applicable. After submission of this agreement signed by the corresponding author, changes of authorship or in the order of the authors listed will not be accepted.


DISCLAIMER


IJASOS makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in our publications. However, IJASOS, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by IJASOS. The publisher cannot be held responsible for the validity or use of the information therein contained. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. IJASOS shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to, or arising out of the use of the Content.

The Journal IJASOS publishes the articles of the authors who join OCERINT conferences free of charge. Those articles will be published in the journal if they pass the review process and get two positive referee reports.
There is a publication fee for the other authors' manuscripts, which is USD 100 per manuscript. The articles which are charged the fee are also faced with the review process and have to get 2 positive referee reports from two different referees. The publication fee should be paid after getting two positive review reports.
For further details kindly ask by email: ijasosjournal@hotmail.com

Editor in Chief

Philosophy Education, Philosophy of Religion

Editorial Board

Dr. Berch Berberoglu is a Foundation Professor of Sociology and Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at the University of Nevada, Reno. He has served as Founding Director of the Ozmen Institute for Global Studies from 2018 to 2021. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Oregon in 1977. He has taught and conducted research at the University of Nevada, Reno for 45 years, during the period 1977-2022. He has served as Chair of the Department of Sociology on three different occasions, totaling 14 years, during the period 1993-2016, and as Director of the Graduate Program in Sociology for 25 years, from 1993 to 2018.

Lanlan Kuang is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Central Florida. An award-winning documentary film producer and a published author since 1997, Kuang is Chair of the Florida Folklife Council and Distinguished Fellow of the Center for Ethnic and Folk Literature and Arts (CEFLA). Her monographs include 敦煌壁画乐舞:“中国景观”在国际语境中的建构、传播与意义 (Social Sciences Academy Press, 2016) and Staging Tianxia: Dunhuang Expressive Arts and China's New Cosmopolitan Heritage (Indiana University Press, 2024). During the years 2008-2009, Kuang conducted research and ethnographic fieldwork on the arts in China as a U.S. Fulbright-IIE Fellow. Her areas of specialties include: Aesthetics, Asian arts and humanities, Heritage and Museum Studies, Multimedia and Film Studies, Silk Road Studies (Dunhuangology). For more photos and videos from her fieldwork, you can visit her website, https://lanlankuangofficial.pub/

More than 50 published papers, almost papers and artworks in prespective of unconventional fashion, wearable art, fashion as art and futuristic fashion....etc.
Author of two books: entitled "Art of Fashion: Studies and Artistic Visions" 2014, "Fashion Design: Between Innovation and Research" 2023 in Arabic. participation in many International fashion and art conferences all over the world. in person: England, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Indonesia, Malaysia and South of Africa, online: Turkey, Japan, France.. and others  

Educational Administration , Medical Students teaching and learning methods, Training at hospitals, Medical and nursing education.

Classroom management methods, higher education styles, leadership  in education

Secretary

Development of Media and Communication Education and Programs, Economics of Education, Environmental Politics

Contact: ijasosjournal@hotmail.com

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