REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE SUNDANESE PROVERBS

Yasir Mubarok

doi:10.18769/ijasos.309677

Research Article

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE SUNDANESE PROVERBS

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 7, 205 - 213, 30.04.2017

Yasir Mubarok

https://doi.org/10.18769/ijasos.309677

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The gender difference is actually not a problem as far as not giving birth gender inequality. However, gender difference has spawned various injustices, especially for women. The phenomenon can be seen in a proverb. Researches both at global level and in Indonesia show that the representations of women in proverbs are very popular. For example, study conducted by Storm (1992), Sunderland (2006), Hussein (2009), Anderson (2012), Wang (2012), Asimeng-Boahene (2013), Lee (2015), Diabah and Amfo (2015) and Mubarok (2016). With viewpoints and different data, the study examines the representation of women as espoused in a number of Sundanese (an ethnic group native to the western part of the Indonesian island of Java) proverbs. The objective is to analyze traditional views on the perceptions and roles of the woman in Sundanese society and explore the interrelation between language, gender and culture. Using a Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA) Approach, 7 Sundanese proverbs about women, selected from written sources, are examined. The study shows that women are portrayed in Sundanese proverb as constructions of submissiveness, women as an object of sex and women are portrayed as representation of virtue. Based on these findings, the study concluded that Sundanese proverbs tend to present women in particular stereotypical ways, most of which can be interpreted as derogatory, negative or subservient.

Keywords

Gender , Proverbs , Women , Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis , Patriarchy , Representation

References

Anderson D (2012) ‘Courting is like trading horses, you have to keep your eyes open’: Genderrelated proverbs in a peasant society in Northern Sweden. Journal of Northern Studies 6(2): 9–36. Asante, EKA. (2002). Akan Proverbs: Their Origins, Meanings and Symbolic Representations in Ghanaian Material Cultural Heritage. Accra, Ghana: Asempa. Asimeng-Boahene L (2009) Educational wisdom of African oral literature: African proverbs as vehicles for enhancing critical thinking skills. International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning 5(3): 59–69. Baxter, J. (2003). Positioning Gender in Discourse: A Feminist Methodology. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Cameron D (2005) Language, gender, and sexuality: Current issues and new directions. Applied Linguistics 26(4): 482–502. Connell, RW. (1987). Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press. Connell, RW. (1995). Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press. Diabah, Grace (2011). My lioness wife: Construction of gender identities in the discourse(s) of Ghanaians in the UK diaspora. PhD thesis, Lancaster University, Lancaster. Diabah, Grace and Nana Aba Appiah Amfo. 2015. Caring supporters or daring usurpers? Representation of women in Akan proverbs. SAGE Journal. Discourse & Society. Vol. 26(1): halaman 3–28. Durkheim, E. (1933). Division of Labor in Society. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press of Glencoe. Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. New York: The Gale Group, Inc. Ennaji, M. (2008). Representations of women in Moroccan Arabic and Berber proverbs. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 190, 167-181. Fasiku, G. (2006). Yorùbá proverbs, names and national consciousness. The Journal of Pan African Studies, 1(4), 50-63. Hussein, J. W. (2009). A discursive representation of women in sample proverbs from Ethiopia, Sudan, and Kenya. Research in African Literatures, 40(3). 96-108. Kuoni - Far East. A world of difference (1999). Kuoni Travel & JPM Publications Lakoff, G. (1993). The contemporary theory of metaphor. In: Ortony A (ed.) Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 202–251. Lakoff, G. and Johnson M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Lakoff, R. (1975). Language and Women’s Place. New York: Harper & Row. Lazar, MM. (2005). Politicizing gender in discourse: Feminist critical discourse analysis as political perspective and praxis. In: Lazar MM (ed.) Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Gender, Power and Ideology in Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–28. Lazar, MM. (2005). Politicizing gender in discourse: Feminist critical discourse analysis as political perspective and praxis. In: Lazar MM (ed.) Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Gender, Power and Ideology in Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–28. Lee, J. F. K. (2015). Chinese Proverbs: How are Women and Men Represented?. Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies, 4(1), 559-585. Litosseliti, L. (2006). Gender and Language: Theory and Practice. London: Hodder Education. Liu C, Keeling D and Hogg M (2012) The unspoken truth: A phenomenological study of changes in women’s sense of self and the intimate relationship with cosmetics consumption. Research in Consumer Behavior 14: 89–107. Mills, Sara. (2008). Language and Sexism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mubarok, Yasir. Analisis Representasi Perempuan dan Isu Ketidakadilan dalam Peribahasa Indonesia (Sebuah Kajian Etnolinguistik). Proceedings of International Conference of Linguistics SETALI 2016. Bandung. Linguistics Program, Postgraduate, Indonesia University of Education. Munawar, Candra T. (2010). 1330 Babasan dan Paribasa Bahasa Sunda. Bandung: Nuansa Aulia. Schippers M (2007) Recovering the feminine other: Masculinity, femininity, and gender hegemony. Theory and Society 36(1): 85–102. Storm, Hiroko. (1992). Women in Japanese Proverbs. Asian Folklore Studies. Lavayette College, Volume 15. Sunderland, Jane (2004). Gendered Discourses. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Sunderland, Jane. (2006). Language and Gender. Routledge: New York. Suryadinata, Leo. Evi Nurvidya Arifin, Aris Ananta. (2003). Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape. Singapore:Institute of Southeast Asean Srudies. Van Dijk, TA. (2001). Critical discourse analysis. In: Tannen D, Schiffrin D and Hamilton H (eds) Handbook of Discourse Analysis. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 352–371. Wang S (2012) On sex discrimination in English proverbs and their translation. Lecture Notes in Information Technology 16–17: 150–153. Wodak, R. (2002). Aspects of critical discourse analysis. ZfAL 36: 5–31.

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 7, 205 - 213, 30.04.2017

Yasir Mubarok

https://doi.org/10.18769/ijasos.309677

Cited By: 2

Abstract

References

Anderson D (2012) ‘Courting is like trading horses, you have to keep your eyes open’: Genderrelated proverbs in a peasant society in Northern Sweden. Journal of Northern Studies 6(2): 9–36. Asante, EKA. (2002). Akan Proverbs: Their Origins, Meanings and Symbolic Representations in Ghanaian Material Cultural Heritage. Accra, Ghana: Asempa. Asimeng-Boahene L (2009) Educational wisdom of African oral literature: African proverbs as vehicles for enhancing critical thinking skills. International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning 5(3): 59–69. Baxter, J. (2003). Positioning Gender in Discourse: A Feminist Methodology. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Cameron D (2005) Language, gender, and sexuality: Current issues and new directions. Applied Linguistics 26(4): 482–502. Connell, RW. (1987). Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press. Connell, RW. (1995). Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press. Diabah, Grace (2011). My lioness wife: Construction of gender identities in the discourse(s) of Ghanaians in the UK diaspora. PhD thesis, Lancaster University, Lancaster. Diabah, Grace and Nana Aba Appiah Amfo. 2015. Caring supporters or daring usurpers? Representation of women in Akan proverbs. SAGE Journal. Discourse & Society. Vol. 26(1): halaman 3–28. Durkheim, E. (1933). Division of Labor in Society. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press of Glencoe. Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. New York: The Gale Group, Inc. Ennaji, M. (2008). Representations of women in Moroccan Arabic and Berber proverbs. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 190, 167-181. Fasiku, G. (2006). Yorùbá proverbs, names and national consciousness. The Journal of Pan African Studies, 1(4), 50-63. Hussein, J. W. (2009). A discursive representation of women in sample proverbs from Ethiopia, Sudan, and Kenya. Research in African Literatures, 40(3). 96-108. Kuoni - Far East. A world of difference (1999). Kuoni Travel & JPM Publications Lakoff, G. (1993). The contemporary theory of metaphor. In: Ortony A (ed.) Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 202–251. Lakoff, G. and Johnson M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Lakoff, R. (1975). Language and Women’s Place. New York: Harper & Row. Lazar, MM. (2005). Politicizing gender in discourse: Feminist critical discourse analysis as political perspective and praxis. In: Lazar MM (ed.) Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Gender, Power and Ideology in Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–28. Lazar, MM. (2005). Politicizing gender in discourse: Feminist critical discourse analysis as political perspective and praxis. In: Lazar MM (ed.) Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Gender, Power and Ideology in Discourse. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 1–28. Lee, J. F. K. (2015). Chinese Proverbs: How are Women and Men Represented?. Multidisciplinary Journal of Gender Studies, 4(1), 559-585. Litosseliti, L. (2006). Gender and Language: Theory and Practice. London: Hodder Education. Liu C, Keeling D and Hogg M (2012) The unspoken truth: A phenomenological study of changes in women’s sense of self and the intimate relationship with cosmetics consumption. Research in Consumer Behavior 14: 89–107. Mills, Sara. (2008). Language and Sexism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mubarok, Yasir. Analisis Representasi Perempuan dan Isu Ketidakadilan dalam Peribahasa Indonesia (Sebuah Kajian Etnolinguistik). Proceedings of International Conference of Linguistics SETALI 2016. Bandung. Linguistics Program, Postgraduate, Indonesia University of Education. Munawar, Candra T. (2010). 1330 Babasan dan Paribasa Bahasa Sunda. Bandung: Nuansa Aulia. Schippers M (2007) Recovering the feminine other: Masculinity, femininity, and gender hegemony. Theory and Society 36(1): 85–102. Storm, Hiroko. (1992). Women in Japanese Proverbs. Asian Folklore Studies. Lavayette College, Volume 15. Sunderland, Jane (2004). Gendered Discourses. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Sunderland, Jane. (2006). Language and Gender. Routledge: New York. Suryadinata, Leo. Evi Nurvidya Arifin, Aris Ananta. (2003). Indonesia's Population: Ethnicity and Religion in a Changing Political Landscape. Singapore:Institute of Southeast Asean Srudies. Van Dijk, TA. (2001). Critical discourse analysis. In: Tannen D, Schiffrin D and Hamilton H (eds) Handbook of Discourse Analysis. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 352–371. Wang S (2012) On sex discrimination in English proverbs and their translation. Lecture Notes in Information Technology 16–17: 150–153. Wodak, R. (2002). Aspects of critical discourse analysis. ZfAL 36: 5–31.

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Details

Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Yasir Mubarok
Publication Date	April 30, 2017
Submission Date	April 28, 2017
Published in Issue	Year 2017 Volume: 3 Issue: 7

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EndNote	Mubarok Y (April 1, 2017) REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE SUNDANESE PROVERBS. IJASOS- International E-journal of Advances in Social Sciences 3 7 205–213.

IJASOS- International E-journal of Advances in Social Sciences

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN IN THE SUNDANESE PROVERBS

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References

Abstract

References

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