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Shakespeare’in Jül Sezar Oyunundaki Sosyal Düzensizliğin Al-Farabi Bakış Açısıyla Analizi

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 50, 27 - 42, 27.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1407702

Öz

Pek çok siyaset felsefecisi gibi, Al-Farabi de Yunan felsefesinden etkilenerek en iyi rejimi ve yöneticiyi tanımlamaya çalışmıştır. Ne ki, 1970'ler ve 80'lerden bu yana Farabi incelemelerinde, felsefesinin daha derin analizleri ve eserlerinin çevirileri yoluyla pek çok şey değişti. Erken İslam filozoflarından Farabi (870-950), bu metinleri kapsamlı bir şekilde inceleyerek ve bunlar hakkında yorumlar sunarak başkalarına rehberlik etmiş; Platon ve Aristoteles’in eserlerinin İslam felsefesi içinde yeniden canlandırılmasında kilit rol oynamıştır. Farabi ve onun siyaset felsefesi, İdeal Devlet adlı eserinde insan, yönetici ve yönetilen organların bedendeki varlığını, hiyerarşiye örnek teşkil eden şehir ve devleti, yöneticinin özelliklerini, mükemmel ve cahil şehirler arasındaki farkları ele alır. Bu anlamda Jül Sezar oyununun Farabici siyasi incelemesine odaklanan bu çalışmanın amacı iki yönlüdür. İlk olarak, yukarıda belirtilen sosyo-politik meseleleri inceleyerek, bu tür politik niteliklerin Shakespeare'in Jül Sezar oyununda da temsil edildiği fikrini ortaya koyar. İkinci olarak, makale, Sezar’ın oyundaki güç ilişkilerini betimlemesinin Farabici toplum, devlet ve hükümdarlık anlayışıyla ilişkili olabileceği ölçüde, iki eserin son derece sosyo-politik benzerlikler sergilediğini savunuyor.

Kaynakça

  • Aristotle. (1984). Politics. (C. Lord, Trans.). University of Chicago Press.
  • Al-Farabi, A.N. (1985). on the Perfect State. (Richard Walzer Ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Bakhsh, A. O. (2013). The Virtuous City: The Iranian and Islamic Heritage of Utopianism. Utopian Studies, 24 (1), 41-51.
  • Bell, M. (2016). ‘This was a man!’ Goethe’s Egmont and Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar. The Modern Language Review, 111 (1), 141-61.
  • Cantor, P. A. (2017). Shakespeare’s Rome: Republic and Empire. The University of Chicago Press.
  • Crewe, J. V. (1971). Shakespeare’s ‘Julius Caesar’. Theoria: A Journal of Social and Political Theory, 37, 31-44.
  • Dunlop, D. M. (1952). Al-Farabi’s Aphorisms of the Statesman. Journal of Iraq, 14 (2), 93-117.
  • Fakhry, M. (1965). Al-Farabi and the Reconciliation of Plato and Aristotle. Journal of the History of Ideas, 26 (4), 469-478.
  • Gil, D. J. (2013). Shakespeare’s Anti-Politics: Sovereign Power and the Life of the Flesh. Eds. Michael Dobson and Dympna Callaghan. Palgrave Shakespeare Studies.
  • Gray, P. (2018). Shakespeare and War. Critical Survey, 30 (1), 1-25.
  • Hartsock, M. E. (1966). The Complexity of Julius Caesar. PMLA, 81 (1), 56-62.
  • Kayser, E. L. (1956). Julius Caesar: Politician or Statesman? The Classical Weekly, 50 (2), 20-22.
  • Lake, P. (2016). How Shakespeare Put Politics on the Stage: Power and Succession in the History Plays. Yale University Press.
  • Mahdi, M. (1990). Review: Al-Farabi’s Imperfect State. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 110 (4), 691-726.
  • Rayner, F. C. (2022). Shakespeare and the Challenge of the Contemporary Performance, Politics, and Aesthetics. The Arden Shakespeare Bloomsbury Pub.
  • Shakespeare, W. (1985). Julius Caesar: The Arden Shakespeare. T. S. Dorsch (Ed.). Methuen.
  • Sweeney, M. (2011). Greek Essence and Islamic Tolerance: Al-Farabi, Al-Ghazali, Ibn Rush’d. The Review of Metaphysics, 65 (1), 41-61.
  • Wells, R. H. (1986). Shakespeare, Politics and the State. Macmillan.

An Al-Farabian Analysis of Social Disorder in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 50, 27 - 42, 27.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1407702

Öz

Like many political philosophers, Al-Farabi was influenced by Greek philosophy and tried to define the best regime and ruler. However, much has changed in Al-Farabian scholarship since the 1970s, and 80s through deeper analyses of his philosophy, and translations of his works. The early Islamic philosopher Al-Farabi (870-950) played a key role in the revival of Plato and Aristotle’s works within Islamic philosophy, guiding others by studying and providing commentary on these texts. Al-Farabi and his political philosophy deal with the existence of human, ruling, and ruled organs in the body, the city and state which exemplify hierarchy, the features of a ruler, and the differences between excellent and ignorant cities in his on the Perfect State. In this sense, focusing on an Al-Farabian political reading of Julius Caesar, the aim of this study is twofold. Firstly, it examines the abovementioned socio-political issues to present the idea that such political qualities are also represented and questioned in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Secondly, the paper argues that the two works exhibit socio-political similarities inasmuch as Caesar’s portrayal of power relations within the play can be related to Al-Farabian understanding of the society, state, and rulership.

Kaynakça

  • Aristotle. (1984). Politics. (C. Lord, Trans.). University of Chicago Press.
  • Al-Farabi, A.N. (1985). on the Perfect State. (Richard Walzer Ed.). Oxford University Press.
  • Bakhsh, A. O. (2013). The Virtuous City: The Iranian and Islamic Heritage of Utopianism. Utopian Studies, 24 (1), 41-51.
  • Bell, M. (2016). ‘This was a man!’ Goethe’s Egmont and Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar. The Modern Language Review, 111 (1), 141-61.
  • Cantor, P. A. (2017). Shakespeare’s Rome: Republic and Empire. The University of Chicago Press.
  • Crewe, J. V. (1971). Shakespeare’s ‘Julius Caesar’. Theoria: A Journal of Social and Political Theory, 37, 31-44.
  • Dunlop, D. M. (1952). Al-Farabi’s Aphorisms of the Statesman. Journal of Iraq, 14 (2), 93-117.
  • Fakhry, M. (1965). Al-Farabi and the Reconciliation of Plato and Aristotle. Journal of the History of Ideas, 26 (4), 469-478.
  • Gil, D. J. (2013). Shakespeare’s Anti-Politics: Sovereign Power and the Life of the Flesh. Eds. Michael Dobson and Dympna Callaghan. Palgrave Shakespeare Studies.
  • Gray, P. (2018). Shakespeare and War. Critical Survey, 30 (1), 1-25.
  • Hartsock, M. E. (1966). The Complexity of Julius Caesar. PMLA, 81 (1), 56-62.
  • Kayser, E. L. (1956). Julius Caesar: Politician or Statesman? The Classical Weekly, 50 (2), 20-22.
  • Lake, P. (2016). How Shakespeare Put Politics on the Stage: Power and Succession in the History Plays. Yale University Press.
  • Mahdi, M. (1990). Review: Al-Farabi’s Imperfect State. Journal of the American Oriental Society, 110 (4), 691-726.
  • Rayner, F. C. (2022). Shakespeare and the Challenge of the Contemporary Performance, Politics, and Aesthetics. The Arden Shakespeare Bloomsbury Pub.
  • Shakespeare, W. (1985). Julius Caesar: The Arden Shakespeare. T. S. Dorsch (Ed.). Methuen.
  • Sweeney, M. (2011). Greek Essence and Islamic Tolerance: Al-Farabi, Al-Ghazali, Ibn Rush’d. The Review of Metaphysics, 65 (1), 41-61.
  • Wells, R. H. (1986). Shakespeare, Politics and the State. Macmillan.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Dünya Dilleri, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mehmet Akif Balkaya

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 21 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Haziran 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Sayı: 50

Kaynak Göster

APA Balkaya, M. A. (2023). An Al-Farabian Analysis of Social Disorder in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(50), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.1407702

Selcuk University Journal of Faculty of Letters will start accepting articles for 2025 issues on Dergipark as of September 15, 2024.