Araştırma Makalesi
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Harvesting the Hidden Value of Vacant Lands: A GIS-Based Approach to Urban Agriculture

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1), 422 - 437, 31.07.2023

Hüseyin Berk Türker Murat Akten

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1292693

Öz

The study aims to determine the urban agriculture potential of vacant lands in the city center of Usak, Turkey, and to create a GIS-based urban agriculture inventory. Our analysis focuses on available vacant lands of the municipally-owned lands, foundation lands, public properties, forest lands, and pasture lands within the boundaries of the implementary development plan of the city center of Usak. The optimal urban agriculture map was created using GIS and considered different categories of urban agriculture, including small-scale agriculture, large-scale agriculture, community gardens, and impervious surface or poor soil urban agriculture. The study results showed a significant amount of vacant lands in Usak suitable for urban agriculture, with 7.32 ha being highly suitable, 80.58 ha moderately suitable, and 110.94 ha marginally suitable. Results indicate that vacant lands in the city can be utilized for urban agriculture, which can provide numerous benefits to the local food system.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urban agriculture potential urban agriculture vacant lands geographic information system land use

Teşekkür

This article is produced from a doctoral dissertation completed in 2020 at Suleyman Demirel University's Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, in the Department of Landscape Architecture. Hüseyin Berk Türker is the author of this doctoral dissertation, while Murat Akten served as the thesis advisor. The article complies with national and international research and publication ethics. Ethics Committee approval was not required for this study.

Kaynakça

  • Ackerman, K., Conard, M., Culligan, P., Plunz, R., Sutto, M. P. & Whittinghill, L. (2014). Sustainable food systems for future cities: The potential of urban agriculture. The Economic and Social Review, 45(2, Summer), 189-206.
  • Akten, M. (2008). Isparta Ovasının Optimal Alan Kullanım Planlaması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. SDÜ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı ABD, 247s, Doctoral Dissertation, Isparta.
  • Akten, M., Yılmaz, O. & Gül, A. (2009). Alan kullanım planlamasında rekreasyonel alan kullanım ölçütlerinin belirlenmesi: Isparta Ovası örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Seri: A, Cilt: 2, ISSN: 1302-7085, Sayfa: 119-133, Isparta.
  • Akpınar, N. (1994). Açık kömür ocaklarında çevresel etkilerin değerlendirilmesi ve doğa onarımı çalışmalarının Milas-Sekköy Açık Kömür Ocağı örneğinde irdelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı ABD, Ankara, 277s.
  • Allen, L. (2015). Growing in the city: Analyzing public urban agriculture in Ottawa. Carleton University, Doctoral Dissertation, 164s, Ottawa, Ontario.
  • Amirtahmasebi, R. (2008). Food urbanism: urban agriculture as a strategy to facilitate social mobility in informal settlements. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Doctoral dissertation.155p, USA.
  • Armar-Klemesu, M. (2000). Urban agriculture and food security, nutrition and health. Growing cities, growing food. Urban Agriculture on The Policy Agenda, 99-118.
  • Balmer, K., Gill, J., Kaplinger, H., Miller, J., Peterson, M., Rhoads, A., Rosenbloom, P. & Wall, T. (2005). The diggable city: Making urban agriculture a planning priority. Portland. Portland State University, Nohad A. Toulan School of Urban Studies and Planning.
  • Bryld, E. (2003). Potentials, problems, and policy implications for urban agriculture in developing countries. Agriculture and Human Values, 20(1), 79-86.
  • Deelstra, T. & Girardet, H. (2000). Urban agriculture and sustainable cities.
  • Doherty, K. (2015). Urban agriculture and ecosystem services: a typology and toolkit for planners. The University of Massachusetts Amherst, Master’s Thesis, 110p, USA.
  • Dumitrescu, V. (2013). Mapping Urban Agriculture Potential İn Rotterdam.
  • Eanes, F. & Ventura, S. J. (2015). Inventorying land availability and suitability for community gardens in Madison, Wisconsin. Cities and the Environment (CATE), 8(2).
  • Gezer, A. & Gül, A. Eds. (2009). Kent Ormancılığı (Kavramsal-Teknik ve Kültürel Boyutu). SDU Orman Fakültesi, Kitap Yayın No: 86, s: 01-246. Isparta. (ISBN: 978-9944-452-30-4) SDU Basım evi- Isparta.https://mimarlikbilimleri.com/2022/04/22/kent-ormanciligi-kavramsal-teknik-ve-kulturel-yaklasimlar/
  • Gül, A., Örücü, Ö. K. & Karaca, Ö. (2006). An approach for recreation suitability analysis to recreation planning in Gölcük Nature Park. Environmental Management. Volume 37, Number 5, May, 2006, 606–625 (2006). Online ISSN: 1432-1009.
  • Gül, A. (2022). Urban Agroforestry Systems in Urban Agriculture. In H. B. Türker, & A. Gül. (Eds.) Architectural Sciences and Urban Agriculture (26-68). ISBN:978-625-8213-84-3. Ankara: Iksad Publications. https://iksadyayinevi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Architectural-Sciences-and-Urban-Agriculture.pdf
  • Hankard, M., Reid, M., Schaefer, R. & Ve Vang, K. (2016). Stormwater Runoff Benefits of Urban Agriculture.
  • Horst, M. (2008). Growing Green: An Inventory of Public Lands Suitable for Gardening in Seattle, Washington. University of Washington, College of Architecture and Urban Planning.
  • Hynes, P. (1996). A pinch of Eden. Chelsea Green, White River Junction.USA, 2, 35-37. 2001 edition.
  • Karaelmas, O. (2003). Çerkes Havzasının Optimal Alan Kullanımının Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 153s, Ankara.
  • Kaethler, T. M. (2006). Growing space: The potential for urban agriculture in the city of Vancouver. School of Community and Regional Planning University of British Columbia.
  • Lin, B. B., Philpott, S. M. & Jha, S. (2015). The future of urban agriculture and biodiversity ecosystem services: Challenges and next steps. Basic and Applied Ecology, 16(3), 189- 201.
  • MacRae, R., Gallant, E., Patel, S., Michalak, M., Bunch, M. & Schaffner, S. (2010). Could Toronto provide 10% of its fresh vegetable requirements from within its boundaries? Matching consumption requirements with growing spaces. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 1(2), 105-127.
  • Matteson, K. C., Ascher, J. S. & Langellotto, G. A. (2008). Bee richness and abundance in New York City urban gardens. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 101(1), 140- 150.
  • McClintock, N. & Cooper, J. (2010). Cultivating the Commons an assessment of the potential for urban agriculture on Oakland’s public land. Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications.
  • McClintock, N., Cooper, J. & Khandeshi, S. (2013). Assessing the potential contribution of vacant land to urban vegetable production and consumption in Oakland, California. Landscape and Urban Planning, 111, 46-58.
  • Mougeot, L. J. (2000). Urban Agriculture: Definition, Presence, Potentials And Risks, And Policy Challenges. Cities Feeding People Series, Report 31, 58p.
  • Saha, M. & Eckelman, M. J. (2017). Growing fresh fruits and vegetables in an urban landscape: A geospatial assessment of the ground level and rooftop urban agriculture potential in Boston, USA. Landscape and Urban Planning, 165, 130-141
  • Sarp, K, M. (1994). Uşak Merkez 1/5000 Ölçekli İlave Nazım İmar Planı Araştırma Raporu.
  • Saumel, I., Kotsyuk, I., Holscher, M., Lenkereit, C., Weber, F. & Kowarik, I. (2012). How healthy is urban horticulture in high-traffic areas? Trace metal concentrations in vegetable crops from plantings within inner-city neighborhoods.
  • Smit, J., Nasr, J. & Ratta, A. (1996). Urban Agriculture: Food, Jobs, And Sustainable Cities. United Nations Development Programme Publications Series For Habitat II Volume One, 302p, New York, USA.
  • Smit, J., Nasr, J. & Ratta, A. (2001). Urban Agriculture: Food, Jobs, and Sustainable Cities (2001 edition). The Urban Agriculture Network. Inc., New York, NY.
  • Taylor, J. R. & Lovell, S. T. (2012). Mapping public and private spaces of urban agriculture in Chicago through the analysis of high-resolution aerial images in Google Earth. Landscape and urban planning, 108(1), 57-70.
  • Tema Foundation. (2018). Tema Vakfı 2018. Ekosiyaset Belgesi. Retrieved 09 February 2020 from http://www.tema.org.tr
  • Thapa R.B. & Murayama Y. (2008). Land evaluation for peri-urban agriculture using analytical hierarchical process and geographic information system techniques: A case study of Hanoi. Land use policy, 25(2), 225- 239.
  • TRGM. (2002). Organik Tarımın Esasları ve Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik. TRGM, (2008). Toprak ve Arazi Sınıflaması Standartları Teknik Talimatı ve İlgili Mevzuat.
  • TRGM. (2008) Toprak ve Arazi Sınıflaması Standartları Teknik Talimatı ve İlgili Mevzuat.
  • Turkish State Meteorological Service. (2020). Uşak Merkez İstasyonu 1990-2018 yılları arasındaki Uşak kenti tüm Parametreler Bülteni.
  • TURKSTAT. (2020). Retrieved 06 March 2020 from http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Türker, H. B., Gül, A., Anaç, İ. & Gül, H. E. (2021). The Role of Urban Agriculture in Adapting to Climate Change for Sustainable Cities. 2nd International City and Ecology Congress within the Framework of Sustainable Urban Development (CEDESU 2021), Proceedings Books, Ertan Düzgüneş and Öner Demirel (Eds.), 2- 3 December, Trabzon-Türkiye, 222-227.
  • United Nations. (2018). The World’s Cities in 2018.
  • United Nations. (2019). World Population Prospects.
  • Usak Municipality. (2020). Retrieved 06.March,.2020 from https://www.usak.bel.tr/sayfa/genel-bilgi.
  • Van Veenhuizen, R. & Danso, G. (2007). Profitability and sustainability of urban and peri-urban agriculture. FAO Agricultural Management, Marketing, and Finance Occasional Paper No.19, 95p, Rome. V.
  • Yenigül, S. B. (2016). Büyükşehirlerde tarımsal alanların korunmasında kentsel tarım ve yerel yönetimlerin rolü. Megaron, 11(2), 291-299.
  • Voicu, I. & Been, V. (2008). The effect of community gardens on neighboring property values. Real Estate Economics, 36(2), 2414–2263.
  • Zengin, M. (2017). Peyzaj planlamada TOPSİS yöntemi ve Erzurum örneği. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1).

Boş Arazilerin Kentsel Tarım için Kullanılması: Kentsel Tarıma CBS Tabanlı Bir Yaklaşım

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1), 422 - 437, 31.07.2023

Hüseyin Berk Türker Murat Akten

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1292693

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Uşak ili merkezindeki boş arazilerin kentsel tarım potansiyelini belirlemeyi ve kentsel tarım envanterini belirlemek için CBS tabanlı bir metodoloji oluşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Analiz, Uşak il merkezi uygulama imar planı sınırları içerisinde bulunan belediyeye ait araziler, vakıf arazileri, kamu taşınmazları, orman arazileri ve mera arazilerinin mevcut boş arazilerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda küçük ölçekli tarım, büyük ölçekli tarım, topluluk bahçeleri ve geçirimsiz yüzey veya zayıf toprak kentsel tarım dahil olmak üzere farklı kentsel tarım kategorileri dikkate alınarak CBS tabanlı optimal kentsel tarım haritası oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma sonuçları, Uşak'ta önemli miktarda boş arazinin kentsel tarıma uygun olduğunu, 7.32 ha yüksek derecede uygun, 80.58 ha orta derecede uygun ve 110.94 ha marjinal olarak uygun olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuçlar, şehirdeki boş arazilerin önemli derecede kentsel tarım potansiyeli olduğunu ve yerel gıda sistemine çok sayıda fayda sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kentsel tarım potansiyeli kentsel tarım coğrafi bilgi sistemi arazi kullanımı

Kaynakça

  • Ackerman, K., Conard, M., Culligan, P., Plunz, R., Sutto, M. P. & Whittinghill, L. (2014). Sustainable food systems for future cities: The potential of urban agriculture. The Economic and Social Review, 45(2, Summer), 189-206.
  • Akten, M. (2008). Isparta Ovasının Optimal Alan Kullanım Planlaması Üzerine Bir Araştırma. SDÜ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı ABD, 247s, Doctoral Dissertation, Isparta.
  • Akten, M., Yılmaz, O. & Gül, A. (2009). Alan kullanım planlamasında rekreasyonel alan kullanım ölçütlerinin belirlenmesi: Isparta Ovası örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, Seri: A, Cilt: 2, ISSN: 1302-7085, Sayfa: 119-133, Isparta.
  • Akpınar, N. (1994). Açık kömür ocaklarında çevresel etkilerin değerlendirilmesi ve doğa onarımı çalışmalarının Milas-Sekköy Açık Kömür Ocağı örneğinde irdelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı ABD, Ankara, 277s.
  • Allen, L. (2015). Growing in the city: Analyzing public urban agriculture in Ottawa. Carleton University, Doctoral Dissertation, 164s, Ottawa, Ontario.
  • Amirtahmasebi, R. (2008). Food urbanism: urban agriculture as a strategy to facilitate social mobility in informal settlements. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Doctoral dissertation.155p, USA.
  • Armar-Klemesu, M. (2000). Urban agriculture and food security, nutrition and health. Growing cities, growing food. Urban Agriculture on The Policy Agenda, 99-118.
  • Balmer, K., Gill, J., Kaplinger, H., Miller, J., Peterson, M., Rhoads, A., Rosenbloom, P. & Wall, T. (2005). The diggable city: Making urban agriculture a planning priority. Portland. Portland State University, Nohad A. Toulan School of Urban Studies and Planning.
  • Bryld, E. (2003). Potentials, problems, and policy implications for urban agriculture in developing countries. Agriculture and Human Values, 20(1), 79-86.
  • Deelstra, T. & Girardet, H. (2000). Urban agriculture and sustainable cities.
  • Doherty, K. (2015). Urban agriculture and ecosystem services: a typology and toolkit for planners. The University of Massachusetts Amherst, Master’s Thesis, 110p, USA.
  • Dumitrescu, V. (2013). Mapping Urban Agriculture Potential İn Rotterdam.
  • Eanes, F. & Ventura, S. J. (2015). Inventorying land availability and suitability for community gardens in Madison, Wisconsin. Cities and the Environment (CATE), 8(2).
  • Gezer, A. & Gül, A. Eds. (2009). Kent Ormancılığı (Kavramsal-Teknik ve Kültürel Boyutu). SDU Orman Fakültesi, Kitap Yayın No: 86, s: 01-246. Isparta. (ISBN: 978-9944-452-30-4) SDU Basım evi- Isparta.https://mimarlikbilimleri.com/2022/04/22/kent-ormanciligi-kavramsal-teknik-ve-kulturel-yaklasimlar/
  • Gül, A., Örücü, Ö. K. & Karaca, Ö. (2006). An approach for recreation suitability analysis to recreation planning in Gölcük Nature Park. Environmental Management. Volume 37, Number 5, May, 2006, 606–625 (2006). Online ISSN: 1432-1009.
  • Gül, A. (2022). Urban Agroforestry Systems in Urban Agriculture. In H. B. Türker, & A. Gül. (Eds.) Architectural Sciences and Urban Agriculture (26-68). ISBN:978-625-8213-84-3. Ankara: Iksad Publications. https://iksadyayinevi.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Architectural-Sciences-and-Urban-Agriculture.pdf
  • Hankard, M., Reid, M., Schaefer, R. & Ve Vang, K. (2016). Stormwater Runoff Benefits of Urban Agriculture.
  • Horst, M. (2008). Growing Green: An Inventory of Public Lands Suitable for Gardening in Seattle, Washington. University of Washington, College of Architecture and Urban Planning.
  • Hynes, P. (1996). A pinch of Eden. Chelsea Green, White River Junction.USA, 2, 35-37. 2001 edition.
  • Karaelmas, O. (2003). Çerkes Havzasının Optimal Alan Kullanımının Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Peyzaj Mimarlığı Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi, 153s, Ankara.
  • Kaethler, T. M. (2006). Growing space: The potential for urban agriculture in the city of Vancouver. School of Community and Regional Planning University of British Columbia.
  • Lin, B. B., Philpott, S. M. & Jha, S. (2015). The future of urban agriculture and biodiversity ecosystem services: Challenges and next steps. Basic and Applied Ecology, 16(3), 189- 201.
  • MacRae, R., Gallant, E., Patel, S., Michalak, M., Bunch, M. & Schaffner, S. (2010). Could Toronto provide 10% of its fresh vegetable requirements from within its boundaries? Matching consumption requirements with growing spaces. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 1(2), 105-127.
  • Matteson, K. C., Ascher, J. S. & Langellotto, G. A. (2008). Bee richness and abundance in New York City urban gardens. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 101(1), 140- 150.
  • McClintock, N. & Cooper, J. (2010). Cultivating the Commons an assessment of the potential for urban agriculture on Oakland’s public land. Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications.
  • McClintock, N., Cooper, J. & Khandeshi, S. (2013). Assessing the potential contribution of vacant land to urban vegetable production and consumption in Oakland, California. Landscape and Urban Planning, 111, 46-58.
  • Mougeot, L. J. (2000). Urban Agriculture: Definition, Presence, Potentials And Risks, And Policy Challenges. Cities Feeding People Series, Report 31, 58p.
  • Saha, M. & Eckelman, M. J. (2017). Growing fresh fruits and vegetables in an urban landscape: A geospatial assessment of the ground level and rooftop urban agriculture potential in Boston, USA. Landscape and Urban Planning, 165, 130-141
  • Sarp, K, M. (1994). Uşak Merkez 1/5000 Ölçekli İlave Nazım İmar Planı Araştırma Raporu.
  • Saumel, I., Kotsyuk, I., Holscher, M., Lenkereit, C., Weber, F. & Kowarik, I. (2012). How healthy is urban horticulture in high-traffic areas? Trace metal concentrations in vegetable crops from plantings within inner-city neighborhoods.
  • Smit, J., Nasr, J. & Ratta, A. (1996). Urban Agriculture: Food, Jobs, And Sustainable Cities. United Nations Development Programme Publications Series For Habitat II Volume One, 302p, New York, USA.
  • Smit, J., Nasr, J. & Ratta, A. (2001). Urban Agriculture: Food, Jobs, and Sustainable Cities (2001 edition). The Urban Agriculture Network. Inc., New York, NY.
  • Taylor, J. R. & Lovell, S. T. (2012). Mapping public and private spaces of urban agriculture in Chicago through the analysis of high-resolution aerial images in Google Earth. Landscape and urban planning, 108(1), 57-70.
  • Tema Foundation. (2018). Tema Vakfı 2018. Ekosiyaset Belgesi. Retrieved 09 February 2020 from http://www.tema.org.tr
  • Thapa R.B. & Murayama Y. (2008). Land evaluation for peri-urban agriculture using analytical hierarchical process and geographic information system techniques: A case study of Hanoi. Land use policy, 25(2), 225- 239.
  • TRGM. (2002). Organik Tarımın Esasları ve Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik. TRGM, (2008). Toprak ve Arazi Sınıflaması Standartları Teknik Talimatı ve İlgili Mevzuat.
  • TRGM. (2008) Toprak ve Arazi Sınıflaması Standartları Teknik Talimatı ve İlgili Mevzuat.
  • Turkish State Meteorological Service. (2020). Uşak Merkez İstasyonu 1990-2018 yılları arasındaki Uşak kenti tüm Parametreler Bülteni.
  • TURKSTAT. (2020). Retrieved 06 March 2020 from http://www.tuik.gov.tr.
  • Türker, H. B., Gül, A., Anaç, İ. & Gül, H. E. (2021). The Role of Urban Agriculture in Adapting to Climate Change for Sustainable Cities. 2nd International City and Ecology Congress within the Framework of Sustainable Urban Development (CEDESU 2021), Proceedings Books, Ertan Düzgüneş and Öner Demirel (Eds.), 2- 3 December, Trabzon-Türkiye, 222-227.
  • United Nations. (2018). The World’s Cities in 2018.
  • United Nations. (2019). World Population Prospects.
  • Usak Municipality. (2020). Retrieved 06.March,.2020 from https://www.usak.bel.tr/sayfa/genel-bilgi.
  • Van Veenhuizen, R. & Danso, G. (2007). Profitability and sustainability of urban and peri-urban agriculture. FAO Agricultural Management, Marketing, and Finance Occasional Paper No.19, 95p, Rome. V.
  • Yenigül, S. B. (2016). Büyükşehirlerde tarımsal alanların korunmasında kentsel tarım ve yerel yönetimlerin rolü. Megaron, 11(2), 291-299.
  • Voicu, I. & Been, V. (2008). The effect of community gardens on neighboring property values. Real Estate Economics, 36(2), 2414–2263.
  • Zengin, M. (2017). Peyzaj planlamada TOPSİS yöntemi ve Erzurum örneği. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1).
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Peyzaj Mimarlığı
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Berk Türker 0000-0002-8995-3259

Murat Akten 0000-0003-4255-926X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1)

Kaynak Göster

APA Türker, H. B., & Akten, M. (2023). Harvesting the Hidden Value of Vacant Lands: A GIS-Based Approach to Urban Agriculture. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 8(1), 422-437. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1292693
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