Araştırma Makalesi
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Bina Yönetmelik Alan Bilgi Gösterimleri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 707 - 733, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1179117

Öz

İnşaat sektöründe kullanılan bina yönetmelikleri insan dilinde yazılmış, insan tarafından yorumlanan, insan tarafından uygulanması zorunlu olan ve genellikle yerel yönetimler tarafından kontrolü yapılan yasal belgelerdir. Söz konusu belgeler zorunlu olduğu kadar yönetmelik maddesinde yer alan ifadelerin belirsizliği, maddelerin uygulama esnekliği, maddelerdeki tanımların eksikliği vb. gibi özelliklerinden dolayı, kesin ve net olmayan bir dile sahiptirler. Bu karmaşıklığı önlemek için inşaat sektöründe uzman kişiler tarafından hesaplanabilir bina yönetmelik temsili çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmektedir. Uzmanların çabasıyla yönetmelikler birçok farklı, resmi dillere dönüştürülmekte ve mevcut sistemlere entegre edilmektedir. İhtiyaç duyulan her türlü bilgi ve veri, akıl yürütme sayesinde seçip alınarak, çeşitli doğruluk düzeylerinde uygulanmaktadır. Bu uygulamaların yürütüldüğü alanlar, uzun yıllar boyunca otomatik bina yönetmelik uygunluk kontrolü sistemlerinin geliştirildiği bina yönetmelik alan bilgi gösterimlerine yönelik olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, bina yönetmelik alan bilgi gösterimlerinde kullanılan diller ve yöntemler araştırılmıştır. Çalışmalarda kullanılan diller ve yöntemler İnsan Dili, İşaretleme Dilleri, Biçimsel Diller, Semantik Web Dilleri, Yapay Zekâ Yöntemleri ve Hibrit Yöntemler başlıkları altında gruplandırılmış ve detaylı bilgi verilmiştir.

Teşekkür

Bu makale, 09-11 Eylül 2022 tarihinde gerçekleştirilen “2. Uluslararası Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Uygulamaları Sempozyumu (2nd International Architectural Sciences and Applications Symposium, IArcSAS-2022)”da sözlü olarak sunulmuş ve sadece özeti, sempozyum kitabında yayınlanmıştır. Makalede ulusal ve uluslararası araştırma ve yayın etiğine uyulmuştur. Çalışmada etik kurul izni gerekmemiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Aydın, M. (2022a). The Data Representations of a Building Project: BIM Model, and IFC or IFCXML Data Standard. In Sayed Hemeda (Ed.), Sand in Construction (pp. 96–110). Intech Europe. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104580
  • Aydın, M. (2022b). Bina Yönetmelik Uygunluk Kontrolü Sürecinde Bina Projesine Ait Verilerin Gösterimleri. Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi (MBUD), 7(Özel Sayı), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.988508
  • Aydın, M. (2022c). A Review of BIM-Based Automated Code Compliance Checking: A Meta-Analysis Research. In Automation and Control - Theories and Applications. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101690
  • Aydın, M., ve Yaman, H. (2020). Domain Knowledge Representation Languages and Methods for Building Regulations. In Communications in Computer and Information Science: Vol. 1188 CCIS (pp. 101–121). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42852-5_9
  • Berners-Lee, T., Connolly, D., Kagal, L., Scharf, Y., ve Hendler, J. (2008). N3logic: A logical framework for the world wide web. Theory and Practice of Logic Programming, 8(3), 249–269.
  • Biagioli, C., Francesconi, E., Spinosa, P., ve Taddei, M. (2004). Xml documents within a legal domain: Standards and tools for the italian legislative environment. International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, 413–424.
  • Boer, A., Winkels, R., ve Vitali, F. (2008). Metalex xml and the legal knowledge interchange format. In Computable models of the law (pp. 21–41). Springer.
  • Boley, H. (2006). The RuleML Family of Web Rule Languages. In International Workshop on Principles and Practice of Semantic Web Reasoning (pp. 1–17). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/11853107_1
  • Brickley, D., Guha, R. V, ve McBride, B. (2014). RDF Schema 1.1. W3C Recommendation, 25, 2004–2014.
  • Brown, P. F., Desouza, P. V, Mercer, R. L., Pietra, V. J. Della, ve Lai, J. C. (1992). Class-based n-gram models of natural language. Computational Linguistics, 18(4), 467–479.
  • CORENET. (2018). CORENET e-Submission System. Construction and Real Estate Network. https://www.corenet-ess.gov.sg/ess/
  • Cyganiak, R. (2005). A relational algebra for SPARQL. Digital Media Systems Laboratory HP Laboratories Bristol. HPL-2005-170, 35, 9.
  • Dym, C. L., Henchey, R. P., Delis, E. A., ve Gonick, S. (1988). A knowledge-based system for automated architectural code checking. Computer-Aided Design, 20(3), 137–145.
  • Fenves, Steven J. (1966). Tabular decision logic for structural design. Journal of the Structural Division, 92(6), 473–490.
  • Fenves, Steven J, Wright, R. N., Stahl, F. I. ve Reed, K. A. (1987). Introduction to sase: Standards analysis, synthesis, and expression. National Technical Information Service, 473–490.
  • Fenves, Steven Joseph, Gaylord, E. H. ve Goel, S. K. (1969). Decision table formulation of the 1969 AISC specification. University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station.
  • Garrett Jr, J. H. ve Hakim, M. M. (1992). Object-oriented model of engineering design standards. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 6(3), 323–347.
  • Gutierrez, C., Hurtado, C. ve Vaisman, A. (2005). Temporal rdf. European Semantic Web Conference, 93–107.
  • Hakim, M. M. ve Garrett, J. H. (1993). A description logic approach for representing engineering design standards. Engineering with Computers, 9(2), 108–124.
  • Hjelseth, E. ve Nisbet, N. (2011). Capturing normative constraints by use of the semantic mark-up RASE methodology. Proceedings of CIB W78-W102 Conference, 1–10.
  • Hjelseth, E. ve Nisbet, N. (2010a). Exploring semantic based model checking. Proceedings of the 2010 27th CIB W78 International Conference, 54.
  • Hjelseth, E. ve Nisbet, N. (2010b). Overview of concepts for model checking. Proceedings of the CIB W, 78, 2010.
  • Horrocks, I., Patel-Schneider, P. F., Boley, H., Tabet, S., Grosof, B. ve Dean, M. (2004). SWRL: A semantic web rule language combining OWL and RuleML. W3C Member Submission, 21(79), 1– 31.
  • Kiliccote, H., Garrett, J. H., Chmielenski, T. J. ve Reed, K. A. (1994). The Context–Oriented Model: An improved Modeling Approach for Representing and Processing Design Standards. Computing in Civil Engineering, 145–152.
  • Kiliccote, H. ve Garrett Jr, J. H. (1998). Standards modeling language. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 12(3), 129–135.
  • Kumar, B. (1989). Knowledge processing for structural design.
  • Lau, G. T. ve Law, K. H. (2004). An information infrastructure for comparing accessibility regulations and related information from multiple sources. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Weimar, Germany, June 2-4, 1–11. http://eil.stanford.edu/publications/gloria_lau/icccbe.pdf
  • Lee, J. K. (2011). Building environment rule and analysis (BERA) language and its application for evaluating building circulation and spatial program [Georgia Institute of Technology]. In Georgia Tech Theses and Dissertations. https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/39482/Lee_Jin-Kook_201105_PhD.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Leibniz, G. W. (1923). 1666. Dissertatio de arte combinatoria. Leipzig: Johann Simon Fick and Johann Polycarp Seubold ¼ LSB VI, 1, 163–230.
  • Lupo, C., Vitali, F., Francesconi, E., Palmirani, M., Winkels, R., de Maat, E., Boer, A. ve Mascellani, P. (2007). General XML format (s) for legal sources. Deliverable 3.1 of the European project for standardised transparent representation in order to extende legal accessibility (ESTRELLA). EU IST-2004-027655. http://www. estrellaproject. org/doc.
  • Macit İlal, S. ve Günaydın, H. M. (2017). Computer representation of building codes for automated compliance checking. Automation in Construction, 82(November), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.018
  • Macit, S. ve Günaydin, H. M. (2015). Yapı Yönetmeliklerinin Sayısal Temsili: Yeni Bir Model. 17(2), 83–102.
  • Mazairac, W. ve Beetz, J. (2013). BIMQL–An open query language for building information models. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 27(4), 444–456.
  • Melzner, J., Zhang, S., Teizer, J. ve Bargstädt, H.-J. (2013). A case study on automated safety compliance checking to assist fall protection design and planning in building information models. Construction Management and Economics, 31(6), 661–674. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2013.780662
  • Minsky, M. ve Papert, S. A. (1970). Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1970-1971.
  • Nawari, N. O. (2012a). Automated code checking in BIM environment. Proc. International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering.
  • Nawari, N. O. (2012b). Automating Codes Conformance. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 18(4), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000049
  • Nawari, N. O. ve Alsaffar, A. (2015). Understanding computable building codes. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 3(6), 163–171.
  • Nyman, D. J., Fenves, S. J. ve Wright, R. N. (1973). Restructuring study of the AISC specification. University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station.
  • Omari, A. ve Roy, G. G. (1993). A representational scheme for design code information in an expert systems approach to building design. Computing Systems in Engineering, 4(2–3), 253–269.
  • Palmirani, M., Governatori, G., Rotolo, A., Tabet, S., Boley, H. ve Paschke, A. (2011). LegalRuleML: XML-based rules and norms. International Workshop on Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web, 298–312.
  • Pauwels, P., Van Deursen, D., Verstraeten, R., De Roo, J., De Meyer, R., Van de Walle, R. ve Van Campenhout, J. (2011). A semantic rule checking environment for building performance checking. Automation in Construction, 20(5), 506–518.
  • Rasdorf, W. J. ve Wang, T. E. (1988). Generic design standards processing in an expert system environment. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 2(1), 68–87.
  • Rosenblatt, F. (1958). The perceptron: a probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain. Psychological Review, 65(6), 386.
  • Rosenman, M. A. ve Gero, J. S. (1985). Design codes as expert systems. Computer-Aided Design, 17(9), 399–409.
  • Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E. ve McClelland, J. L. (1986). A general framework for parallel distributed processing. Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, 1(45–76), 26.
  • Sartor, G., Palmirani, M., Francesconi, E. ve Biasiotti, M. A. (2011). Legislative XML for the semantic web: principles, models, standards for document management (Vol. 4). Springer Science ve Business Media.
  • Sowa, J. F. (2006). The challenge of knowledge soup. Research Trends in Science, Technology and Mathematics Education, 55–90.
  • Walton, C. (2007). Agency and the semantic web. Oxford University Press on Demand.
  • Yabuki, N. ve Law, K. H. (1993). An object-logic model for the representation and processing of design standards. Engineering with Computers, 9(3), 133–159.
  • Yurchyshyna, A. ve Zarli, A. (2009). An ontology-based approach for formalization and semantic organization of conformance requirements in construction. Automation in Construction, 18(8), 1084–1098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2009.07.008
  • Zhang, J. ve El-Gohary, N. M. (2016). Semantic NLP-Based Information Extraction from Construction Regulatory Documents for Automated Compliance Checking. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 30(2), 04015014. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000427
  • Zhang, J. ve El-Gohary, N. M. (2017). Integrating semantic NLP and logic reasoning into a unified system for fully-automated code checking. Automation in Construction, 73, 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2016.08.027
  • Zhang, L. ve Issa, R. R. A. (2011). IFC-based construction industry ontology and semantic web services framework. In Computing in Civil Engineering (2011) (pp. 657–664).

Building Regulations Domain Knowledge Representations

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 707 - 733, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1179117

Öz

Building regulations are written in human language, are subject to human interpretation and enforcement, and are frequently governed by local governments in the construction sector. These regulations lack clear and unambiguous language because of things like the ambiguity of the terms in the building regulation provisions, the flexibility with which they may be used, and the absence of definitions in the regulation clauses. Computerized building regulation representation studies are carried out by professionals in the construction sector to prevent this complication. Building regulations are being translated into several official languages and incorporated into current systems thanks to the efforts of specialists. The reasoning selects and applies numerous types of facts and information with varying degrees of precision. For many years, there have been several efforts made to improve the building regulations domain knowledge representations. The languages and techniques used in the domain knowledge representations of the building regulations were examined in this study. They were categorized under the following headings: Human Language, Markup Languages, Formal Languages, Semantic Web Languages, Artificial Intelligence Methods, and Hybrid Methods. The study's languages and methods were discussed in great depth.

Kaynakça

  • Aydın, M. (2022a). The Data Representations of a Building Project: BIM Model, and IFC or IFCXML Data Standard. In Sayed Hemeda (Ed.), Sand in Construction (pp. 96–110). Intech Europe. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104580
  • Aydın, M. (2022b). Bina Yönetmelik Uygunluk Kontrolü Sürecinde Bina Projesine Ait Verilerin Gösterimleri. Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi (MBUD), 7(Özel Sayı), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.988508
  • Aydın, M. (2022c). A Review of BIM-Based Automated Code Compliance Checking: A Meta-Analysis Research. In Automation and Control - Theories and Applications. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101690
  • Aydın, M., ve Yaman, H. (2020). Domain Knowledge Representation Languages and Methods for Building Regulations. In Communications in Computer and Information Science: Vol. 1188 CCIS (pp. 101–121). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42852-5_9
  • Berners-Lee, T., Connolly, D., Kagal, L., Scharf, Y., ve Hendler, J. (2008). N3logic: A logical framework for the world wide web. Theory and Practice of Logic Programming, 8(3), 249–269.
  • Biagioli, C., Francesconi, E., Spinosa, P., ve Taddei, M. (2004). Xml documents within a legal domain: Standards and tools for the italian legislative environment. International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, 413–424.
  • Boer, A., Winkels, R., ve Vitali, F. (2008). Metalex xml and the legal knowledge interchange format. In Computable models of the law (pp. 21–41). Springer.
  • Boley, H. (2006). The RuleML Family of Web Rule Languages. In International Workshop on Principles and Practice of Semantic Web Reasoning (pp. 1–17). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/11853107_1
  • Brickley, D., Guha, R. V, ve McBride, B. (2014). RDF Schema 1.1. W3C Recommendation, 25, 2004–2014.
  • Brown, P. F., Desouza, P. V, Mercer, R. L., Pietra, V. J. Della, ve Lai, J. C. (1992). Class-based n-gram models of natural language. Computational Linguistics, 18(4), 467–479.
  • CORENET. (2018). CORENET e-Submission System. Construction and Real Estate Network. https://www.corenet-ess.gov.sg/ess/
  • Cyganiak, R. (2005). A relational algebra for SPARQL. Digital Media Systems Laboratory HP Laboratories Bristol. HPL-2005-170, 35, 9.
  • Dym, C. L., Henchey, R. P., Delis, E. A., ve Gonick, S. (1988). A knowledge-based system for automated architectural code checking. Computer-Aided Design, 20(3), 137–145.
  • Fenves, Steven J. (1966). Tabular decision logic for structural design. Journal of the Structural Division, 92(6), 473–490.
  • Fenves, Steven J, Wright, R. N., Stahl, F. I. ve Reed, K. A. (1987). Introduction to sase: Standards analysis, synthesis, and expression. National Technical Information Service, 473–490.
  • Fenves, Steven Joseph, Gaylord, E. H. ve Goel, S. K. (1969). Decision table formulation of the 1969 AISC specification. University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station.
  • Garrett Jr, J. H. ve Hakim, M. M. (1992). Object-oriented model of engineering design standards. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 6(3), 323–347.
  • Gutierrez, C., Hurtado, C. ve Vaisman, A. (2005). Temporal rdf. European Semantic Web Conference, 93–107.
  • Hakim, M. M. ve Garrett, J. H. (1993). A description logic approach for representing engineering design standards. Engineering with Computers, 9(2), 108–124.
  • Hjelseth, E. ve Nisbet, N. (2011). Capturing normative constraints by use of the semantic mark-up RASE methodology. Proceedings of CIB W78-W102 Conference, 1–10.
  • Hjelseth, E. ve Nisbet, N. (2010a). Exploring semantic based model checking. Proceedings of the 2010 27th CIB W78 International Conference, 54.
  • Hjelseth, E. ve Nisbet, N. (2010b). Overview of concepts for model checking. Proceedings of the CIB W, 78, 2010.
  • Horrocks, I., Patel-Schneider, P. F., Boley, H., Tabet, S., Grosof, B. ve Dean, M. (2004). SWRL: A semantic web rule language combining OWL and RuleML. W3C Member Submission, 21(79), 1– 31.
  • Kiliccote, H., Garrett, J. H., Chmielenski, T. J. ve Reed, K. A. (1994). The Context–Oriented Model: An improved Modeling Approach for Representing and Processing Design Standards. Computing in Civil Engineering, 145–152.
  • Kiliccote, H. ve Garrett Jr, J. H. (1998). Standards modeling language. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 12(3), 129–135.
  • Kumar, B. (1989). Knowledge processing for structural design.
  • Lau, G. T. ve Law, K. H. (2004). An information infrastructure for comparing accessibility regulations and related information from multiple sources. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Weimar, Germany, June 2-4, 1–11. http://eil.stanford.edu/publications/gloria_lau/icccbe.pdf
  • Lee, J. K. (2011). Building environment rule and analysis (BERA) language and its application for evaluating building circulation and spatial program [Georgia Institute of Technology]. In Georgia Tech Theses and Dissertations. https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/39482/Lee_Jin-Kook_201105_PhD.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Leibniz, G. W. (1923). 1666. Dissertatio de arte combinatoria. Leipzig: Johann Simon Fick and Johann Polycarp Seubold ¼ LSB VI, 1, 163–230.
  • Lupo, C., Vitali, F., Francesconi, E., Palmirani, M., Winkels, R., de Maat, E., Boer, A. ve Mascellani, P. (2007). General XML format (s) for legal sources. Deliverable 3.1 of the European project for standardised transparent representation in order to extende legal accessibility (ESTRELLA). EU IST-2004-027655. http://www. estrellaproject. org/doc.
  • Macit İlal, S. ve Günaydın, H. M. (2017). Computer representation of building codes for automated compliance checking. Automation in Construction, 82(November), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.018
  • Macit, S. ve Günaydin, H. M. (2015). Yapı Yönetmeliklerinin Sayısal Temsili: Yeni Bir Model. 17(2), 83–102.
  • Mazairac, W. ve Beetz, J. (2013). BIMQL–An open query language for building information models. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 27(4), 444–456.
  • Melzner, J., Zhang, S., Teizer, J. ve Bargstädt, H.-J. (2013). A case study on automated safety compliance checking to assist fall protection design and planning in building information models. Construction Management and Economics, 31(6), 661–674. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2013.780662
  • Minsky, M. ve Papert, S. A. (1970). Proposal to ARPA for Research on Artificial Intelligence at MIT, 1970-1971.
  • Nawari, N. O. (2012a). Automated code checking in BIM environment. Proc. International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering.
  • Nawari, N. O. (2012b). Automating Codes Conformance. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 18(4), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000049
  • Nawari, N. O. ve Alsaffar, A. (2015). Understanding computable building codes. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 3(6), 163–171.
  • Nyman, D. J., Fenves, S. J. ve Wright, R. N. (1973). Restructuring study of the AISC specification. University of Illinois Engineering Experiment Station.
  • Omari, A. ve Roy, G. G. (1993). A representational scheme for design code information in an expert systems approach to building design. Computing Systems in Engineering, 4(2–3), 253–269.
  • Palmirani, M., Governatori, G., Rotolo, A., Tabet, S., Boley, H. ve Paschke, A. (2011). LegalRuleML: XML-based rules and norms. International Workshop on Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web, 298–312.
  • Pauwels, P., Van Deursen, D., Verstraeten, R., De Roo, J., De Meyer, R., Van de Walle, R. ve Van Campenhout, J. (2011). A semantic rule checking environment for building performance checking. Automation in Construction, 20(5), 506–518.
  • Rasdorf, W. J. ve Wang, T. E. (1988). Generic design standards processing in an expert system environment. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 2(1), 68–87.
  • Rosenblatt, F. (1958). The perceptron: a probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain. Psychological Review, 65(6), 386.
  • Rosenman, M. A. ve Gero, J. S. (1985). Design codes as expert systems. Computer-Aided Design, 17(9), 399–409.
  • Rumelhart, D. E., Hinton, G. E. ve McClelland, J. L. (1986). A general framework for parallel distributed processing. Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, 1(45–76), 26.
  • Sartor, G., Palmirani, M., Francesconi, E. ve Biasiotti, M. A. (2011). Legislative XML for the semantic web: principles, models, standards for document management (Vol. 4). Springer Science ve Business Media.
  • Sowa, J. F. (2006). The challenge of knowledge soup. Research Trends in Science, Technology and Mathematics Education, 55–90.
  • Walton, C. (2007). Agency and the semantic web. Oxford University Press on Demand.
  • Yabuki, N. ve Law, K. H. (1993). An object-logic model for the representation and processing of design standards. Engineering with Computers, 9(3), 133–159.
  • Yurchyshyna, A. ve Zarli, A. (2009). An ontology-based approach for formalization and semantic organization of conformance requirements in construction. Automation in Construction, 18(8), 1084–1098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2009.07.008
  • Zhang, J. ve El-Gohary, N. M. (2016). Semantic NLP-Based Information Extraction from Construction Regulatory Documents for Automated Compliance Checking. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 30(2), 04015014. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000427
  • Zhang, J. ve El-Gohary, N. M. (2017). Integrating semantic NLP and logic reasoning into a unified system for fully-automated code checking. Automation in Construction, 73, 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2016.08.027
  • Zhang, L. ve Issa, R. R. A. (2011). IFC-based construction industry ontology and semantic web services framework. In Computing in Civil Engineering (2011) (pp. 657–664).
Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mimarlık
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Murat Aydın 0000-0002-3928-2936

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydın, M. (2022). Bina Yönetmelik Alan Bilgi Gösterimleri. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 7(2), 707-733. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1179117