This paper addresses existing gender parities and gaps
in Iran, Turkey and Azerbaijan in terms of human development. Human development
by enlarging people’s freedoms and potentials draws the attention to “ends” and
insists on intrinsic significance of development. The main components of human
development are: capabilities, free agency and achievements. Health, education
and economic resources are essential indicators of Human Development Index
(HDI) which share the same ratio in HDI value estimation. Gender inequality as
a global phenomenon, increasingly focuses on women’s deprivation of education,
health, income and social developments. This paper discusses Iran's educational
developments in gender equality and compares female-to-male progresses in HDI
indicators of Iran with Turkey and Azerbaijan. The main goal of human
development and capability approach is equal distribution of capabilities and
functionings among people. The exceptional status of education in having both
intrinsic and instrumental values multiplies the significances of equal
education in a global context. In addition to direct impact of education on
total health and income rates, parity in education has the capacity to empower
women and make them qualified for well-paid vocations.
Iran from 1990 to 2015 has had a sustainable progress in
health, education and per capita income. Iran has almost succeeded to close the
gender gap in education, while it remains in achievements so far. In comparison
to Turkey and Azerbaijan, raising women’s capabilities has led to their more
achievements in terms of economic resources, labour force and politics.
According to human development reports, Turkey in capability distribution has
experienced more gender disparity than Iran. By filtering the health indicator,
Azerbaijan has the best status in gender parity rather than Turkey and Iran.
Turkish women’s high life expectancy at birth is the best among the analyzed
countries. Unlike Iran, educated women in Azerbaijan and Turkey have lower
unemployment rates than Iranian women. That is probably why women in Iran
recently have less interest to continue their education in tertiary level and
this disappointment has reproduced the gender gap.
Azerbaijan education employment equality gender Human Development Index human development Iran inequality Turkey
Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
---|---|
Bölüm | Makaleler |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2018 |
Gönderilme Tarihi | 11 Şubat 2018 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018Cilt: 4 Sayı: 10 |
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