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Local Negotiation of Change: Historiography of Modern Turkey and the Study of Provincial Anatolian Towns

Year 2023, Volume: 32 , 117 - 131, 31.12.2023

Alexandros Lamprou

https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2023.32.1345290

Abstract

The article reviews the scholarly bibliography on provincial Turkish towns during the Early Republican Period with a specific emphasis on the study of the negotiation of social change at the provincial level. The article discusses the strengths and limitations of a body of work published since the 1960s and evaluates their position and contribution in the historiography of modern Turkey. Up to the late 1990s and the opening of the State Archives of the Republican Period, a tendency occurred to overlook the study of provincial towns in favor of major cities and villages. Post-2000 historiography that addresses sociopolitical change increasingly produces works that consider provincial towns; nevertheless, space is mostly regarded as a necessary spatial container of the process under study and, as such, rarely receives critical engagement. The article considers the dominant periodization of the literature, which truncates the history of modern Turkey before and after 1923, as extremely limiting in scope. Thus, it suggests that the narrowing of the spatial– geographical perspective (going local) and the widening of the time frame beyond the 1923–1950 period are promising directions for the research on sociopolitical changes during the late Ottoman Empire and republican Turkey.

Keywords

Early Republican Period Provincial towns Historiography Negotiation

References

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  • Akın, Y. (2007). Reconsidering State, Party, and Society in early Republican Turkey: Politics of Petitioning. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 39(3), 435-57. google scholar
  • Aksoy, G. Dersim: Alevilik, Ermenilik, Kürtlük. Ankara: Dipnot. google scholar
  • Algör, İ. (ed) (2018). Ma Sekerdo Kardaş? ‘Dersim 38’ Tanıklıkları. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
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  • Ayata, G. (1992). CHP Örgüt ve İdeoloji. Ankara. google scholar
  • Aydın, S., Emiroğlu, K., Özel O. and Ünsal, S. (eds) (2000). Mardin. Aşiret-Cemaat-Devlet. Istanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları. google scholar
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  • Bali, R. (2008). 1934 Trakya Olayları. İstanbul: Kitabevi. google scholar
  • Balistreri, A. (2015). Turkey’s Forgotten Political Opposition: The Demise of Kadirbeyoğlu Zeki Bey, 1919 1927. Die Welt des Islams, 55(2), 141-85. google scholar
  • Bayat, A. (1997). Politics of Informal People. Third World Quarterly, 18(1). google scholar
  • Bayat, A. (2002). Activism and Social Development in the Middle East”, International Journal ofMiddle East Studies, 34. google scholar
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  • Duman, L. (2016). “Vatan”ın Son Parçası Hatay’daki Uluslaştırma Politikaları. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Durakbaşa, A. (2010). Taşra burjuvazisinin tarihsel kökenleri. Toplum ve Bilim, 118, google scholar
  • Emrence, C. (2011). Remapping the Ottoman Middle East Modernity, Imperial Bureaucracy and Islam. London: I. B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Erol, E. (2016). The Ottoman Crisis in Western Anatolia: Turkey s Belle Epoque and the Transition to a Modern Nation State. London: I.B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Gözel Durmaz, O. (2014). City transformed: War, demographic change and profiteering in Kayseri (19151920). PhD thesis. Ankara: METU. google scholar
  • Gözütok, T. K. (2007). Refik Halit’ten Cumhuriyet Dönemi Hikayecilerine (1919-1940) Kasaba Olgusu. Modern Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4, 73-93. google scholar
  • Güntekin, M. (ed.) (2011). “Ta Ezelden Taşkındır...” Antep. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Gürboğa, N. (2009). Mine Workers, the Single Party Rule, and War: The Zonguldak Coal Basin as the Site of Contest 1920—1947. İstanbul: Ottoman Bank Archives and Research Centre. google scholar
  • Haker, E. (2007). Edirne Yahudi Cemaati ve Alyans Okulları 1867-1937, translated by Lizet Deatado. İstanbul: Gözlem. google scholar
  • Hatziiossif, H. (2005). Sinasos: History of a place without History. Heraklion: Crete University Press. google scholar
  • Kandiyoti, D. (1988). Slave Girls, Temptresses, and Comrades: Images of Women in the Turkish Novel. Feminist Issues, 8. google scholar
  • Karadağ, M. (2010). Taşra kentlerinde yaşam tarzları alanı: Kültür ve ayrım. Toplum ve Bilim, 118, 6-91. google scholar
  • Karatay, A. (2018). Demir Çelik Karabük: Bir işçi kentinin Hikâyesi. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Kendirci, M. (2022). Eğlencesiz Eğlence: Erken Cumhuriyet Türkiyesi’nde Eğlence ve Siyasal İktidar. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Keyder, Ç. (1987). State and Class in Turkey. A Study in Capitalist Development. London: Verso. google scholar
  • Kıray, M. (1964). Ereğli Ağır Sanayiden Önce Bir Sahil Kasabası. Ankara. google scholar
  • Kurt, Ü. (2011). Antep 1915: Soykırım ve Failleri. İstanbul: İletişim. Üngör, U. Ü. (2011). The Making of Modern Turkey. Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Lamprou, A. (2015). Nation-Building in Modern Turkey: The ‘People’s Houses’, the State and the Citizen. London: I.B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Lamprou, A. (2017). Political Petitioning, Denunciation and State-Society Relations during the Single-Party Period in Turkey. Turkish Studies, 18:3, 514-541. google scholar
  • Leder, A. (1974). Kemalist Rule and Party Competition in Rural Turkey: Politics and Change in an Anatolian Community. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Indiana University. google scholar
  • Magnarella, P. (1974). Tradition and change in a Turkish town. Halsted Press. google scholar
  • Mansur, F. (1972). Bodrum: A Town in the Aegean. Leiden: Brill. google scholar
  • Meeker, M. (2002). A Nation of Empire: The Ottoman Legacy of Turkish Modernity. Berkeley and London: University of California Press. google scholar
  • Metinsoy, M. (2021). The Power of the People: Everyday Resistance and Dissent in the Making of Modern Turkey, 1923-38. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Migdal, J. (1994). The state in society: an approach to struggles for domination. In Migdal, J., Kohli, A. and Shue, V. (eds). State Power and Social Forces. Domination and Transformation in the Third World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1-30. google scholar
  • Migdal, J. (2001) State in Society: Studying how States and Societies Transform and Constitute one another. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Onaran, N. (2013). Osmanlı’da Ermeni ve Rum Mallarının Türkleştirilmesi (1920 - 1930): Emval-i Metrukenin Tasfiyesi-I. İstanbul: Evrensel. google scholar
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  • Öz, E. (2019). Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası ve Ege. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Özsan, G. (2010). Eşraf ailelerinin statü kazanma mücadelelerinde kadınların rölü. Toplum ve Bilim, 118. google scholar
  • Pamuk, O. (1991). Kara Kitap. Istanbul: Can. google scholar
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  • Pınar, M. (2016). Tek Parti Döneminde Trakya’da Siyasi Hayat ve Yahudiler. Ankara: Grafiker. google scholar
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  • Scott, J. C. (1990). Domination and the Arts of Resistance. Hidden Transcripts. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press. google scholar
  • Scott, J. C. (1998). Seeing Like a State. How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press. google scholar
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Modern Türkiye’nin Tarih Yazımında Anadolu Taşra Şehirleri

Year 2023, Volume: 32 , 117 - 131, 31.12.2023

Alexandros Lamprou

https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2023.32.1345290

Abstract

Bu makale, Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye taşrasına ilişkin akademik literatürü gözden geçirmektedir. Makale, 1960’lardan bu yana yayımlanan çalışmaların sunduğu katkıları ve sınırlılıklarını tartışmakta ve modern Türkiye tarih yazımındaki yerini değerlendirmektedir. Bu makalede, 1990’ların sonlarına ve Cumhuriyet Dönemi Arşivi’nin açılmasına kadar, büyük şehirler ve köy çalışmalarına kıyasla taşra kasabalarının incelenmesinin göz ardı edildiği ileri sürülmektedir. Sosyo-politik değişimle ilgilenen 2000 sonrası tarih yazımında ise taşra kentlerini ele alan çalışmalar giderek artmakta, ancak bu çalışmalar sosyal mekanı nadiren eleştirel bir şekilde ele almaktadır. Makale, modern Türkiye tarihinin 1923 öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere literatürde iki ayrı dönem olarak kabul görmesinin oldukça sınırlı olduğunu ileri sürerek, mekânsal-coğrafi perspektifin daraltılmasını (‘yerele inmek’) ve ele alınan zaman diliminin 1923-1950 döneminin ötesine genişletilmesini önermektedir.

Keywords

Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Taşra Tarih yazımı Anadolu

References

  • Adak, S. (2022). Anti-Veiling Campaigns in Turkey: State, Society and Gender in the Early Republic. London: I.B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Akın, Y. (2007). Reconsidering State, Party, and Society in early Republican Turkey: Politics of Petitioning. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 39(3), 435-57. google scholar
  • Aksoy, G. Dersim: Alevilik, Ermenilik, Kürtlük. Ankara: Dipnot. google scholar
  • Algör, İ. (ed) (2018). Ma Sekerdo Kardaş? ‘Dersim 38’ Tanıklıkları. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Alkan, A. T. (2005). Memleketin Taşra Hali. In Bora, T. (ed), Taşraya Bakmak. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Aslan, Ş., Aydın, S., Hepkon, Z. (eds) (2012). Dersim‘i Parantezden Çıkarmak. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Aslan, S. (2011). Everyday Forms of State Power and the Kurds in the Early Turkish Republic. International Journal ofMiddle East Studies, 43(1), 75-93. google scholar
  • Ayata, G. (1992). CHP Örgüt ve İdeoloji. Ankara. google scholar
  • Aydın, S., Emiroğlu, K., Özel O. and Ünsal, S. (eds) (2000). Mardin. Aşiret-Cemaat-Devlet. Istanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları. google scholar
  • Aydın, S. (2011). Baraklar: Antep’in İskân Halkı. In M. Güntekin (ed.), „Ta Ezelden Taşkındır...“ Antep. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Aytürk, I. (2015). Post-post-Kemalizm: Yeni bir paradigmayı beklerken’, Birikim, 319. google scholar
  • Bali, R. (2008). 1934 Trakya Olayları. İstanbul: Kitabevi. google scholar
  • Balistreri, A. (2015). Turkey’s Forgotten Political Opposition: The Demise of Kadirbeyoğlu Zeki Bey, 1919 1927. Die Welt des Islams, 55(2), 141-85. google scholar
  • Bayat, A. (1997). Politics of Informal People. Third World Quarterly, 18(1). google scholar
  • Bayat, A. (2002). Activism and Social Development in the Middle East”, International Journal ofMiddle East Studies, 34. google scholar
  • Belge, C. (2011). State Building and the Limits of Legibility? Kinship Networks and Kurdish Resistance in Turkey. International Journal ofMiddle East Studies, 43(1), 95-114. google scholar
  • Benedict, P. (1974). Ula, an Anatolian Town. Leiden: Brill. google scholar
  • Brockett, G. D. (2011). How happy to call oneself a Turk: provincial newspapers and the negotiation of a Muslim national identity. Austin: University of Texas Press. google scholar
  • Cantek, L. (2008). Cumhuriyetin Büluğ Çağı. Gündelik Yaşama Dair Tartışmalar 1945-1950. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Cora, Y. T. (2013). A Muslim Great Merchant [Tüccar] Family in the Late Ottoman Empire: A Case Study of the google scholar
  • Nemlizades, 1860-1930. International Journal of Turkish Studies, 19(1-2), 1-29. google scholar
  • Çağlayan, E. (ed) (2019). “Dünyada Van”: Nüfus, Etnisite, Tarih ve Toplum. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Çağlayan, E. (2014). Cumhuriyet’in Diyarbakır’da Kimlik İnşası 1923-1950. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Çetinkaya, D. (2014). The Young Turks and the Boycott Movement: Nationalism, Protest and the Working Classes in the Formation ofModern Turkey. London: I. B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Dayar, E. (2017). Antalya’da Girit Göçmenleri: Göç, İskân ve Siyaset. Toplumsal Tarih, 279, 64-73. google scholar
  • Dayar, E. (2018). ‘Nihayetsiz Bir Cidal’: Antalya Gazetesinin Kurucusu Mehmet Emin ve Muarızları (1878 1928). Erdem, 75, 67-98. google scholar
  • Duman, L. (2016). “Vatan”ın Son Parçası Hatay’daki Uluslaştırma Politikaları. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Durakbaşa, A. (2010). Taşra burjuvazisinin tarihsel kökenleri. Toplum ve Bilim, 118, google scholar
  • Emrence, C. (2011). Remapping the Ottoman Middle East Modernity, Imperial Bureaucracy and Islam. London: I. B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Erol, E. (2016). The Ottoman Crisis in Western Anatolia: Turkey s Belle Epoque and the Transition to a Modern Nation State. London: I.B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Gözel Durmaz, O. (2014). City transformed: War, demographic change and profiteering in Kayseri (19151920). PhD thesis. Ankara: METU. google scholar
  • Gözütok, T. K. (2007). Refik Halit’ten Cumhuriyet Dönemi Hikayecilerine (1919-1940) Kasaba Olgusu. Modern Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4, 73-93. google scholar
  • Güntekin, M. (ed.) (2011). “Ta Ezelden Taşkındır...” Antep. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Gürboğa, N. (2009). Mine Workers, the Single Party Rule, and War: The Zonguldak Coal Basin as the Site of Contest 1920—1947. İstanbul: Ottoman Bank Archives and Research Centre. google scholar
  • Haker, E. (2007). Edirne Yahudi Cemaati ve Alyans Okulları 1867-1937, translated by Lizet Deatado. İstanbul: Gözlem. google scholar
  • Hatziiossif, H. (2005). Sinasos: History of a place without History. Heraklion: Crete University Press. google scholar
  • Kandiyoti, D. (1988). Slave Girls, Temptresses, and Comrades: Images of Women in the Turkish Novel. Feminist Issues, 8. google scholar
  • Karadağ, M. (2010). Taşra kentlerinde yaşam tarzları alanı: Kültür ve ayrım. Toplum ve Bilim, 118, 6-91. google scholar
  • Karatay, A. (2018). Demir Çelik Karabük: Bir işçi kentinin Hikâyesi. Istanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Kendirci, M. (2022). Eğlencesiz Eğlence: Erken Cumhuriyet Türkiyesi’nde Eğlence ve Siyasal İktidar. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Keyder, Ç. (1987). State and Class in Turkey. A Study in Capitalist Development. London: Verso. google scholar
  • Kıray, M. (1964). Ereğli Ağır Sanayiden Önce Bir Sahil Kasabası. Ankara. google scholar
  • Kurt, Ü. (2011). Antep 1915: Soykırım ve Failleri. İstanbul: İletişim. Üngör, U. Ü. (2011). The Making of Modern Turkey. Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Lamprou, A. (2015). Nation-Building in Modern Turkey: The ‘People’s Houses’, the State and the Citizen. London: I.B. Tauris. google scholar
  • Lamprou, A. (2017). Political Petitioning, Denunciation and State-Society Relations during the Single-Party Period in Turkey. Turkish Studies, 18:3, 514-541. google scholar
  • Leder, A. (1974). Kemalist Rule and Party Competition in Rural Turkey: Politics and Change in an Anatolian Community. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Indiana University. google scholar
  • Magnarella, P. (1974). Tradition and change in a Turkish town. Halsted Press. google scholar
  • Mansur, F. (1972). Bodrum: A Town in the Aegean. Leiden: Brill. google scholar
  • Meeker, M. (2002). A Nation of Empire: The Ottoman Legacy of Turkish Modernity. Berkeley and London: University of California Press. google scholar
  • Metinsoy, M. (2021). The Power of the People: Everyday Resistance and Dissent in the Making of Modern Turkey, 1923-38. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Migdal, J. (1994). The state in society: an approach to struggles for domination. In Migdal, J., Kohli, A. and Shue, V. (eds). State Power and Social Forces. Domination and Transformation in the Third World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1-30. google scholar
  • Migdal, J. (2001) State in Society: Studying how States and Societies Transform and Constitute one another. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Onaran, N. (2013). Osmanlı’da Ermeni ve Rum Mallarının Türkleştirilmesi (1920 - 1930): Emval-i Metrukenin Tasfiyesi-I. İstanbul: Evrensel. google scholar
  • Öz, I. (2020). Mülksüzleştirme ve Türkleştirme: Edirne Örneği. İstanbul: İletişim. Üngör, U. Ü. and Polatel, M. (2011). Confiscation and Destruction: The Young Turk Seizure of Armenian Property. London: Bloomsbury. google scholar
  • Öz, E. (2019). Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası ve Ege. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Özsan, G. (2010). Eşraf ailelerinin statü kazanma mücadelelerinde kadınların rölü. Toplum ve Bilim, 118. google scholar
  • Pamuk, O. (1991). Kara Kitap. Istanbul: Can. google scholar
  • Parlak, D. (2020). Laikleşme Sürecinde Camiler: Geç Osmanlı’dan Erken Cumhuriyet’e. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Pınar, M. (2016). Tek Parti Döneminde Trakya’da Siyasi Hayat ve Yahudiler. Ankara: Grafiker. google scholar
  • Sayari, S. (2014). Interdisciplinary Approaches to Political Clientelism and Patronage in Turkey. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 655-670. google scholar
  • Scott, J. C. (1985). Weapons of the Weak. Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press. google scholar
  • Scott, J. C. (1990). Domination and the Arts of Resistance. Hidden Transcripts. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press. google scholar
  • Scott, J. C. (1998). Seeing Like a State. How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press. google scholar
  • Szyliowicz, J. (1966). Political Change in Rural Turkey, Erdemli. The Hague and Paris. google scholar
  • Taşdemir, S. (2014). Tek Parti Döneminde Sivas’ta Siyasal Hayat 1923-1946. Ankara: Siyasal. google scholar
  • Taşkın, Y. (2007). Milliyetçi Muhafazakâr Entelijansiya: Anti-Komünizmden Küreselleşme Karşıtlığına. İstanbul: İletişim. google scholar
  • Tekeli, İ and Şaiyan, G. (1978). Türkiye’de Halkçılık İdeolojisinin Evrimi, Toplum ve Bilim 6-7, 44-110. google scholar
  • Ther, P. (2014). The Dark Side of Nation-States: Ethnic Cleansing in Modern Europe, translated by Charlotte Kreutzmüller. New York and Oxford: Berghahn. google scholar
  • Toksöz, M. (2010). Nomads, Migrants and Cotton in the Eastern Mediterranean: The Making of the Adana-Mersin Region, 1850-1908. Leiden: Brill. google scholar
  • Toprak, Z. (1984). Osmanlı Narodnikleri: ‘Halka Doğru’ Gidenler. Toplum ve Bilim, 24, 69-79. google scholar
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There are 80 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Political Science (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alexandros Lamprou 0000-0002-1211-9004

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date August 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 32

Cite

APA Lamprou, A. (2023). Local Negotiation of Change: Historiography of Modern Turkey and the Study of Provincial Anatolian Towns. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences, 32, 117-131. https://doi.org/10.26650/siyasal.2023.32.1345290
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