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GENÇLERİN İHTİYAÇLARINA BAĞLI OLARAK KAMPUS AÇIK MEKAN TASARIMI

Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 13, 0 - 0, 31.01.2016

Abstract

Gençlerin mekan kullanımı toplumun genelinden farklıdır çünkü gençlerin çevresel tercihleri ihtiyaçlarına bağlı olarak farklılaşmaktadır. Bu tercihler ve farklılıklar tasarımlara yansımalıdır.  Farklı mekanlar yaratırken gençlere olan faydalarına dikkat edilmelidir. Çevreyle ilişkinin arttırılması; çevrenin gençlerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamasına bağlıdır.

Çevre tasarımı açısından değerlendirildiğinde, meslekleriyle ilgili donanımlarını kazanmaları yanında gençlerin arkadaşlık ilişkilerinin yoğunlaştığı ve sosyal roller geliştirmeye başladığı önemli mekanlardan biri üniversite kampüsleridir. Bu nedenle çalışmada kampüs açık mekanı ele alınmıştır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı kampus açık mekanlarının gençlerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılayan kişiliklerini güçlendiren mekanlar olması için hangi algısal özellikleri hangi tasarım elemanlarıyla karşılaması gerektiğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu bağlamda “gençlerin ihtiyaçlarına yönelik algısal özelliklere bağlı tasarım kararları geliştirmek” bu çalışmanın öncelikli hedefi olmuştur. Çalışmada Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi kanuni kampüsünde kullanım düzeyi düşük bir mekan seçilerek gençlerin ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda belirlenen tasarım kriterlerine bağlı olarak mekana ilişkin tasarım senaryoları üretilmiştir.

References

  • Barnhart, S.K., Perkins N.H., Fitzsimonds, J. 1998. Behaviour and outdoor setting preferences at a psychiatric hospital, Landscape Urban Planning 42: 147–156.
  • Bredow, KW. 2006. Gathering Spaces: Designing places for adolescents, Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Master of Landscape Architecture.
  • Booth, N.K. 1995. Basic Elements of Landscape Architectural Design, Waveland Press, Inc. 315.
  • Caputo, V. 1995. Anthropology's silent ‘others’. In Amit-Talai, V. and Wulff, H., editors, Youth cultures: a cross cultural perspective, London: Routledge 19–42.
  • Checkoway, B.1992. Young People Creating Community Change, Center for The Study of Youth Polıcy, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan, The University of Michigan. 52.
  • Clark C. ve Uzzell D.L. 2002. The Affordances of the Home, Neıghbourhood, School and Town Centre For Adolescents, Journal of Environmental Psychology 22: 95-108.
  • Driskell, D. 2002. Creating Better Cities With Children and Youth, Unesco. 208.
  • Düzenli, T., Bayramoğlu, E. and Özbilen, A. 2010. Needs and preferences of adolescent in open urban spaces. Scientific Research and Essay 5(2):201-216.
  • Düzenli T., Mumcu, S.,Yılmaz S., Özbilen A., 2012. Analyzing Youth’s Activity Patterns in Campus Open Spaces Depending on Their Personal and Social Needs, Journal of Adult Development 19(4):201-214.
  • Ercan, L. 2001. Yabancı Uyruklu ve Türk Üniversite Öğrencilerine Ait Sorunların Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İrdelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 21: 165.
  • Erickson E. 1968. Identıty, Youth and Crisis. New York, Norton. 336.
  • Erickson E.1959. Identıty and Life Cycle. Psychological Issues 1: 1-171.
  • Fitzgerald, M., Joseph, A. P. ve O’Regan M. 1995. Leisure Activities of Adolescent School Children. Journal of Adolescence, 18, 3, 349-358.
  • Gärling, T. 1970a. Studies in visual perception of architectural spaces and rooms III: A relation between judged depth and size of space. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 11: 124-131.
  • Günal, B. ve Esin, N., 2007. İnsan – Mekân İletişim Modeli Bağlamında Konutta Psiko-Sosyal Kalitenin İrdelenmesi. İTÜ Dergisi/a, Mimarlık-Planlama-Tasarım Serisi, 6, 1: 19-30.
  • Harris, J.R. 1995. Where is the Child’s Environment? A Group Socialization Theory of Development. Psychological Review 102: 458-489.
  • Herzog, T. R. ve Chernick, K. K., 2000. Tranquility and Danger in Urban and Natural Environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 20: 29–39.
  • Herzog T. R. ve Bosley, P. J., 1992. Tranquility and Preference as Affective Qualities of Natural Environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12,115–127.
  • Herzog, T.R., 1989. A Cognitive Aanalysis of Preference for Urban Nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology 9: 27–43.
  • Hetherington, J. 1991. Representing the Environment: Visual Surrogates in Environmental Assessment.Healthy Environments 22: 246-252.
  • Kalın, A., 2004. Çevre Tercih ve Değerlendirmelerinde Görsel Kalitenin Değerlendirilmesi ve Geliştirilmesi: Trabzon Bandı Örneği, Doktora, K.T.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Karman, M.A. ve Apaydın, H., 2006. İlahiyat Fakültesi Ögrencilerinin Beklenti ve Sorunları. KSÜ. İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 7: 93 -123.
  • Kaplan, S., 1995. The Restorative Benefits of Nature: Toward an Integrative Framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology 15: 169-182.
  • Kenneth, J.P., 1987. Zoo Design: The Reality of Wild Illusions,The University of Michigan School of Natural Resources,Washington. 193.
  • Kulaksızoğlu, A.1998. Ergenlik Psikolojisi. İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi. 255.
  • Loewen, L.J., Steel, G.D. ve Suedfeld, P. 1993. Perceived Safety From Crime in the Urban Environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology 13: 323-331.
  • Lozano, Eduardo E. 1990. Community Design and The Culture of Cities : The Crossroad and the Wall / Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 340.
  • Michelmore, A.P.G. 1990. Uses of Plants in Zoos, International Zoo Yearsbook 29: 31-34.
  • Owens, P.E. 1994. Teen Places in Sunshine, Australia: Then and Now, Landscape Architecture Department of Environmental Design, University of California. Children’s Environments 11: 4.
  • Purcell, A.T. ve Lamb, R.J. 1984. Landscape Perception: An Examination and Empirical Investigation of Two Central Issues in the Area. Journal of Environmental Management 19: 31–63.
  • Reiss, D., Plomin, R., Hetherington, E. M., Howe, G. W., Rovine, M.,Tryon, A. ve Hagan, M. S. 1994. The Separate Worlds of Teenagesiblings: An Introduction to the Study of the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development. In E. M. Hetherington, D. Reiss, & R. Plomin (Eds.), Separate Social Worlds of Siblings: The Impact of Nonshared Environment on Development 63:109. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Retherford, R.
  • Schroeder, H. W. ve Anderson, L. M. 1984. Perception of Personal Safety in Urban Recreation Sites. Journal of Leisure Research, 16, 178–194.
  • Steinberg L. 2007. Ergenlik-Adolescence, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara. 634.
  • Thiel, P., Harrison, E. ve Alden, R.S. 1986. The Perception of Spatial Enclosure As a Function of the Position of Architectural Surfaces. Environment and Behavior, 18, 2, 227-245.
  • Ulrich, R. 1986. Human Responses to Vegetation and Landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 13: 29–44.
  • Versteeg, E., 2003. Planning And Design of Open Space To Promote Adolescent Development, Master of Landscape Architecture, The University of Guelph.
  • Yahaya M. K. 2003. Determinants of Youth Participation in Change Programmes in Rural Nigeria, Antropologist 5: 101-106.
  • Wohlwill, J. F. 1983. The concept of nature: a psychologist’s view. In I. Altman & J. F. Wohlwill, Eds., Human Behavior and the Environment, New York: Plenum, Vol. 6, Behavior and the Natural Environment 5-37.
Year 2016, Volume: 6 Issue: 13, 0 - 0, 31.01.2016

Abstract

References

  • Barnhart, S.K., Perkins N.H., Fitzsimonds, J. 1998. Behaviour and outdoor setting preferences at a psychiatric hospital, Landscape Urban Planning 42: 147–156.
  • Bredow, KW. 2006. Gathering Spaces: Designing places for adolescents, Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Master of Landscape Architecture.
  • Booth, N.K. 1995. Basic Elements of Landscape Architectural Design, Waveland Press, Inc. 315.
  • Caputo, V. 1995. Anthropology's silent ‘others’. In Amit-Talai, V. and Wulff, H., editors, Youth cultures: a cross cultural perspective, London: Routledge 19–42.
  • Checkoway, B.1992. Young People Creating Community Change, Center for The Study of Youth Polıcy, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, Michigan, The University of Michigan. 52.
  • Clark C. ve Uzzell D.L. 2002. The Affordances of the Home, Neıghbourhood, School and Town Centre For Adolescents, Journal of Environmental Psychology 22: 95-108.
  • Driskell, D. 2002. Creating Better Cities With Children and Youth, Unesco. 208.
  • Düzenli, T., Bayramoğlu, E. and Özbilen, A. 2010. Needs and preferences of adolescent in open urban spaces. Scientific Research and Essay 5(2):201-216.
  • Düzenli T., Mumcu, S.,Yılmaz S., Özbilen A., 2012. Analyzing Youth’s Activity Patterns in Campus Open Spaces Depending on Their Personal and Social Needs, Journal of Adult Development 19(4):201-214.
  • Ercan, L. 2001. Yabancı Uyruklu ve Türk Üniversite Öğrencilerine Ait Sorunların Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İrdelenmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 21: 165.
  • Erickson E. 1968. Identıty, Youth and Crisis. New York, Norton. 336.
  • Erickson E.1959. Identıty and Life Cycle. Psychological Issues 1: 1-171.
  • Fitzgerald, M., Joseph, A. P. ve O’Regan M. 1995. Leisure Activities of Adolescent School Children. Journal of Adolescence, 18, 3, 349-358.
  • Gärling, T. 1970a. Studies in visual perception of architectural spaces and rooms III: A relation between judged depth and size of space. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 11: 124-131.
  • Günal, B. ve Esin, N., 2007. İnsan – Mekân İletişim Modeli Bağlamında Konutta Psiko-Sosyal Kalitenin İrdelenmesi. İTÜ Dergisi/a, Mimarlık-Planlama-Tasarım Serisi, 6, 1: 19-30.
  • Harris, J.R. 1995. Where is the Child’s Environment? A Group Socialization Theory of Development. Psychological Review 102: 458-489.
  • Herzog, T. R. ve Chernick, K. K., 2000. Tranquility and Danger in Urban and Natural Environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 20: 29–39.
  • Herzog T. R. ve Bosley, P. J., 1992. Tranquility and Preference as Affective Qualities of Natural Environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12,115–127.
  • Herzog, T.R., 1989. A Cognitive Aanalysis of Preference for Urban Nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology 9: 27–43.
  • Hetherington, J. 1991. Representing the Environment: Visual Surrogates in Environmental Assessment.Healthy Environments 22: 246-252.
  • Kalın, A., 2004. Çevre Tercih ve Değerlendirmelerinde Görsel Kalitenin Değerlendirilmesi ve Geliştirilmesi: Trabzon Bandı Örneği, Doktora, K.T.Ü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Karman, M.A. ve Apaydın, H., 2006. İlahiyat Fakültesi Ögrencilerinin Beklenti ve Sorunları. KSÜ. İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 7: 93 -123.
  • Kaplan, S., 1995. The Restorative Benefits of Nature: Toward an Integrative Framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology 15: 169-182.
  • Kenneth, J.P., 1987. Zoo Design: The Reality of Wild Illusions,The University of Michigan School of Natural Resources,Washington. 193.
  • Kulaksızoğlu, A.1998. Ergenlik Psikolojisi. İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi. 255.
  • Loewen, L.J., Steel, G.D. ve Suedfeld, P. 1993. Perceived Safety From Crime in the Urban Environment. Journal of Environmental Psychology 13: 323-331.
  • Lozano, Eduardo E. 1990. Community Design and The Culture of Cities : The Crossroad and the Wall / Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 340.
  • Michelmore, A.P.G. 1990. Uses of Plants in Zoos, International Zoo Yearsbook 29: 31-34.
  • Owens, P.E. 1994. Teen Places in Sunshine, Australia: Then and Now, Landscape Architecture Department of Environmental Design, University of California. Children’s Environments 11: 4.
  • Purcell, A.T. ve Lamb, R.J. 1984. Landscape Perception: An Examination and Empirical Investigation of Two Central Issues in the Area. Journal of Environmental Management 19: 31–63.
  • Reiss, D., Plomin, R., Hetherington, E. M., Howe, G. W., Rovine, M.,Tryon, A. ve Hagan, M. S. 1994. The Separate Worlds of Teenagesiblings: An Introduction to the Study of the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development. In E. M. Hetherington, D. Reiss, & R. Plomin (Eds.), Separate Social Worlds of Siblings: The Impact of Nonshared Environment on Development 63:109. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Retherford, R.
  • Schroeder, H. W. ve Anderson, L. M. 1984. Perception of Personal Safety in Urban Recreation Sites. Journal of Leisure Research, 16, 178–194.
  • Steinberg L. 2007. Ergenlik-Adolescence, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara. 634.
  • Thiel, P., Harrison, E. ve Alden, R.S. 1986. The Perception of Spatial Enclosure As a Function of the Position of Architectural Surfaces. Environment and Behavior, 18, 2, 227-245.
  • Ulrich, R. 1986. Human Responses to Vegetation and Landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 13: 29–44.
  • Versteeg, E., 2003. Planning And Design of Open Space To Promote Adolescent Development, Master of Landscape Architecture, The University of Guelph.
  • Yahaya M. K. 2003. Determinants of Youth Participation in Change Programmes in Rural Nigeria, Antropologist 5: 101-106.
  • Wohlwill, J. F. 1983. The concept of nature: a psychologist’s view. In I. Altman & J. F. Wohlwill, Eds., Human Behavior and the Environment, New York: Plenum, Vol. 6, Behavior and the Natural Environment 5-37.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Peyzaj Planlama ve Tasarım / Landscape Planning and Design
Authors

Tuğba Düzenli

Sema Mumcu

Buket Özdemir Işık

Publication Date January 31, 2016
Submission Date April 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 6 Issue: 13

Cite

APA Düzenli, T., Mumcu, S., & Özdemir Işık, B. (2016). GENÇLERİN İHTİYAÇLARINA BAĞLI OLARAK KAMPUS AÇIK MEKAN TASARIMI. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 6(13).