Research Article
Year 2019,
Volume: 5 Issue: 15, 1266 - 1274, 14.01.2020
Abstract
References
- Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94. Baum, F. E., Zierscha, A. M., Zhangb, G., & Osborne, K. (2009). Do perceived neighbourhood cohesion and safety contribute to neighbourhood differences in health? Health and Place, 15(4), 925–934. Bellair, P. E., & Browning, C. R. (2010). Contemporary disorganization research: An assessment and further test of the systemic model of neighborhood crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 47(4), 496-521. Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). Mahwah, New Jersey, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum. Comstocka, N., Dickinsonb, L. M., Marshallc, J. A., Soobaderd, M.-J., Turbine, M. S., Buchenauf, M., & Litt, J. S. (2010). Neighborhood attachment and its correlates: Exploring neighborhood conditions, collective efficacy and gardening. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 435-442. Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2019). The Population and Housing Census of Malaysia Population and Vital Statistics. Putrajaya: Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Dlugonski, D., Das, B. M., Martin, T. R., & Palmer, A. (2017). Collective Efficacy, Physical Activity, and Health Outcomes Among Mothers. Family & community health, 40(4), 316-323. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing research, 18(1), 39-50. Foster, S., Giles-Corti, B., & Knuiman, M. (2010). Neighbourhood design and fear of crime: A socio-ecological examination of the correlates of residents' fear in new suburban housing developments. Health and Place, 16(6), 1156–1165. Franklin, C. A., & Franklin, T. W. (2009). Predicting Fear of Crime: Considering Differences Across Gender. Feminist Criminology, 4(1), 83-106. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (Second ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Harun, T. S. M. F. (Producer). (2018). Fear of crime still high: IGP. The Sun Daily. (Date access: 09/03/2019) [News, Nation] Retrieved from https://www.thesundaily.my/archive/fear-crime-still-high-igp-CUARCH535398 Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. Lorenc, T., Clayton, S., Neary, D., Whitehead, M., Petticrew, M., Thomson, H., . . . Renton, A. (2012). Crime, fear of crime, environment, and mental health and wellbeing: mapping review of theories and causal pathways. Health and Place, 18(4), 757–765. Marzbali, M. H., Abdullah, A., & Tilaki, M. J. M. (2016). The effectiveness of interventions in the built environment for improving health by addressing fear of crime. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 45(2), 120-140. Marzbali, M. H., Abdullah, A., Ignatius, J., & Tilaki, M. J. M. (2019). Ethnic relations, crime and disorder in urban neighbourhoods: moderating role of neighbourhood type in Penang, Malaysia. Security Journal, 1-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41284-019-00176-8 OSAC. (2019). Malaysia 2019 Crime and Safety Report Crime and Safety Report. Washington, D.C.: Overseas Security Advisory Council, U.S. Department of State. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879-903. Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH, http://www.smartpls.com. Sampson, R. J., & Groves, W. B. (1989). Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory. American Journal of Sociology, 94(4), 774-802. Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924. Shapland, J., & Vagg, J. (1988). Policing by the public London: Taylor & Francis. Skogan, W. G. (1990). Disorder and decline: Crime and the spiral of decay in American neighborhoods. New York: The Free Press. Stafford, M., Chandola, T., & Marmot, M. (2007). Association between fear of crime and mental health and physical functioning. American Journal of Public Health, 97(11), 2076-2081. Taylor, R. B., & Hale, M. (1986). Testing alternative models of fear of crime. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 77(1), 151-189. Wallace, D. (2012). Examining Fear and Stress as Mediators Between Disorder Perceptions and Personal Health, Depression, and Anxiety. Social Science Research, 41(6), 1515–1528. Wallace, D., Chamberlain, A. W., & Fahmy, C. (2018). Changes in neighborhood social control and disorder and their relationship to exercise behavior. Environment and behavior, 0013916518761530. Wetzels, M., Odekerken-Schröder, G., & van Oppen, C. (2009). Using PLS path modeling for assessing hierarchical construct models: Guidelines and empirical illustration. Mis Quarterly, 33(1), 177-195. Yuan, Y., & McNeeley, S. (2017). Social ties, collective efficacy, and crime-specific fear in Seattle neighborhoods. Victims & Offenders, 12(1), 90-112.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CONTROL ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEAR OF CRIME AND SELF-RATED HEALTH IN URBAN NEIGHBOURHOODS: A CASE STUDY OF PENANG, MALAYSIA
Abstract
Fear of crime is implicated as an
urban stressor that has negative consequences on health outcomes, yet few
studies have explored the direction of the relationship between fear of crime
and health, or tested the mediational effects on this relationship. The purpose
of this study is to examine the mediating role of social control on the
relationship between fear of crime and self-rated health. A sample of 247
residents in Penang, Malaysia was analysed using structural equation modelling.
The results demonstrated the significant direct relationship of fear of crime
and social control in explaining self-rated health. However, social control
does not mediate this relationship, implying that the pathway connecting fear
of crime and health appears to be direct, rather than via social control.
Although fear of crime is associated with poor health, social control helps to
enhance health and well-being. This study is concluded by highlighting the ways
in which these social factors help improve health and well-being within
residential contexts.
References
- Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94. Baum, F. E., Zierscha, A. M., Zhangb, G., & Osborne, K. (2009). Do perceived neighbourhood cohesion and safety contribute to neighbourhood differences in health? Health and Place, 15(4), 925–934. Bellair, P. E., & Browning, C. R. (2010). Contemporary disorganization research: An assessment and further test of the systemic model of neighborhood crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 47(4), 496-521. Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach for structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). Mahwah, New Jersey, USA: Lawrence Erlbaum. Comstocka, N., Dickinsonb, L. M., Marshallc, J. A., Soobaderd, M.-J., Turbine, M. S., Buchenauf, M., & Litt, J. S. (2010). Neighborhood attachment and its correlates: Exploring neighborhood conditions, collective efficacy and gardening. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 435-442. Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2019). The Population and Housing Census of Malaysia Population and Vital Statistics. Putrajaya: Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Dlugonski, D., Das, B. M., Martin, T. R., & Palmer, A. (2017). Collective Efficacy, Physical Activity, and Health Outcomes Among Mothers. Family & community health, 40(4), 316-323. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing research, 18(1), 39-50. Foster, S., Giles-Corti, B., & Knuiman, M. (2010). Neighbourhood design and fear of crime: A socio-ecological examination of the correlates of residents' fear in new suburban housing developments. Health and Place, 16(6), 1156–1165. Franklin, C. A., & Franklin, T. W. (2009). Predicting Fear of Crime: Considering Differences Across Gender. Feminist Criminology, 4(1), 83-106. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (Second ed.). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Harun, T. S. M. F. (Producer). (2018). Fear of crime still high: IGP. The Sun Daily. (Date access: 09/03/2019) [News, Nation] Retrieved from https://www.thesundaily.my/archive/fear-crime-still-high-igp-CUARCH535398 Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408-420. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. Lorenc, T., Clayton, S., Neary, D., Whitehead, M., Petticrew, M., Thomson, H., . . . Renton, A. (2012). Crime, fear of crime, environment, and mental health and wellbeing: mapping review of theories and causal pathways. Health and Place, 18(4), 757–765. Marzbali, M. H., Abdullah, A., & Tilaki, M. J. M. (2016). The effectiveness of interventions in the built environment for improving health by addressing fear of crime. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 45(2), 120-140. Marzbali, M. H., Abdullah, A., Ignatius, J., & Tilaki, M. J. M. (2019). Ethnic relations, crime and disorder in urban neighbourhoods: moderating role of neighbourhood type in Penang, Malaysia. Security Journal, 1-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41284-019-00176-8 OSAC. (2019). Malaysia 2019 Crime and Safety Report Crime and Safety Report. Washington, D.C.: Overseas Security Advisory Council, U.S. Department of State. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of applied psychology, 88(5), 879-903. Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH, http://www.smartpls.com. Sampson, R. J., & Groves, W. B. (1989). Community structure and crime: Testing social-disorganization theory. American Journal of Sociology, 94(4), 774-802. Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997). Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277(5328), 918-924. Shapland, J., & Vagg, J. (1988). Policing by the public London: Taylor & Francis. Skogan, W. G. (1990). Disorder and decline: Crime and the spiral of decay in American neighborhoods. New York: The Free Press. Stafford, M., Chandola, T., & Marmot, M. (2007). Association between fear of crime and mental health and physical functioning. American Journal of Public Health, 97(11), 2076-2081. Taylor, R. B., & Hale, M. (1986). Testing alternative models of fear of crime. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 77(1), 151-189. Wallace, D. (2012). Examining Fear and Stress as Mediators Between Disorder Perceptions and Personal Health, Depression, and Anxiety. Social Science Research, 41(6), 1515–1528. Wallace, D., Chamberlain, A. W., & Fahmy, C. (2018). Changes in neighborhood social control and disorder and their relationship to exercise behavior. Environment and behavior, 0013916518761530. Wetzels, M., Odekerken-Schröder, G., & van Oppen, C. (2009). Using PLS path modeling for assessing hierarchical construct models: Guidelines and empirical illustration. Mis Quarterly, 33(1), 177-195. Yuan, Y., & McNeeley, S. (2017). Social ties, collective efficacy, and crime-specific fear in Seattle neighborhoods. Victims & Offenders, 12(1), 90-112.
There are 1 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 14, 2020 |
| Submission Date | July 15, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019Volume: 5 Issue: 15 |
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